Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 41, Shloka 4

अंशुमान्—अश्वान्वेषणम्, दिशागजसंवादः, कपिलदाहवृत्तान्तः, गङ्गोपदेशः

Anshuman’s Search for the Horse and the Counsel to Bring Ganga

Devanagari script

अभिवाद्याभिवाद्यांस्त्वं हत्वा विघ्नकरानपि।सिद्धार्थस्सन्निवर्तस्व मम यज्ञस्य पारग:।।।।

Transliteration

abhivādyābhivādyāṃs tvaṃ hatvā vighnakarān api | siddhārthaḥ sannivartasva mama yajñasya pāragaḥ ||

Translation

Hãy cúi đầu đảnh lễ những bậc đáng tôn kính; còn kẻ gây chướng ngại cho nghi lễ, dù là ai, cũng hãy trừ diệt. Rồi con hãy trở về khi sở nguyện đã thành, khiến tế lễ của ta được viên mãn.

Word by Word

• abhivādya: having saluted
• abhivādya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: abhi√vad (वद् धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta avyaya (gerund/absolutive), 'having saluted'

• abhivādyān: those worthy of salutation
• abhivādyān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhivādya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; 'those who are to be saluted'

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (युष्मद् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• hatvā: having slain
• hatvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √han (हन् धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Kṛdanta avyaya (absolutive), 'having killed'

• vighnakarān: obstacle-causers
• vighnakarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vighna-kara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: vighnaṃ karoti iti = obstacle-makers

• api: also / even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa/samuccaya-nipāta (particle: also/even)

• siddhārthaḥ: having achieved the aim
• siddhārthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: siddha-artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: siddhaḥ arthaḥ yasya saḥ = 'one whose purpose is accomplished'

• san: being
• san: Bhāva (भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: as (अस् धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present participle (śatṛ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; used adverbially = 'being'

• nivartasva: return
• nivartasva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni√vṛt (वृत् धातु)
• Form: Loṭ lakāra (Imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Ekavacana

• yajñasya: of the sacrifice
• yajñasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• pāragaḥ: one who carries through / brings to completion
• pāragaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pāraga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate epithet of 'tvam'

Context

The king heard (was stunned to hear) the awful words of Anshuman, (yet) heperformed the sacrifice in accordance with traditional scriptures and Kalpa, theVedanga.

Characters & Entities

• Sagara
• Anśumān
• yajña (sacrifice)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma balances reverence and firmness: honor the honorable, but remove adharma that disrupts a righteous act. The verse teaches disciplined force guided by moral purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

Sagara gives Anśumān a code of conduct for the mission—how to treat worthy beings encountered and how to deal with those who threaten the yajña.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Maryādā (propriety) and niścaya (resolve): respectful behavior toward the deserving and decisive action against wrongdoing.