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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 41, Shloka 1

अंशुमान्—अश्वान्वेषणम्, दिशागजसंवादः, कपिलदाहवृत्तान्तः, गङ्गोपदेशः

Anshuman’s Search for the Horse and the Counsel to Bring Ganga

Devanagari script

पुत्रांश्चिरगतान् ज्ञात्वा सगरो रघुनन्दन।नप्तारमब्रवीद्राजा दीप्यमानं स्वतेजसा।।।।

Transliteration

putrāṁś ciragatān jñātvā sagaro raghunandana | naptāram abravīd rājā dīpyamānaṁ svatejasā ||

Translation

Hỡi Rāma, biết rằng các con mình đã biệt tăm đã lâu, vua Sagara liền ngỏ lời với cháu nội Anśumān, bậc rạng ngời bởi chính quang minh tự thân.

Word by Word
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of knowing)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
चिरगतान्gone for long
चिरगतान्:
कर्म (Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचिर + गत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formकर्मधारय (descriptive: 'long-gone'); क्त-प्रत्यय (Past participle/क्त from √गम्), द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् to पुत्रान्
ज्ञात्वाhaving known/realized
ज्ञात्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव
सगरःSagara
सगरः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसगर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
रघुनन्दनO delight of the Raghus
रघुनन्दन:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootरघु + नन्दन (प्रातिपदिके)
Formसम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुषार्थः: 'delight of Raghu-line'
नप्तारम्to the grandson
नप्तारम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of speaking)
TypeNoun
Rootनप्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
क्रिया (Main action)
TypeVerb
Root√ब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
राजाthe king
राजा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; सगरस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन
दीप्यमानम्shining/resplendent
दीप्यमानम्:
कर्म (Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Root√दीप् (धातु)
Formशानच्-प्रत्यय (Present middle participle/शानच्), एकवचन, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् to नप्तारम्
स्वतेजसाby his own radiance
स्वतेजसा:
करण (Instrument/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिके)
Formतत्पुरुष (determinative: 'own-lustre'); तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
Context

"O Delight of the Raghus, king Sagara, realising that his sons had left long ago said to his grandson Anshuman resplendent with his own lustre:

Characters & Entities
S
Sagara
S
sons of Sagara
A
Anśumān
R
Rāma (raghunandana)

FAQs

Responsibility continues through lineage: when elders perceive failure or danger, dharma requires appointing a capable successor/agent to protect the rite and the family’s honor.

Sagara, concerned by the prolonged absence of his sons, turns to his grandson Anśumān for action.

Readiness and worthiness (yogyatā): Anśumān is introduced as radiant and fit for a difficult mission.

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