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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 20, Shloka 18

राज्ञः शङ्का

प्रत्याख्यानम् (Daśaratha’s Objections to Sending Rāma) — Bala Kanda, Sarga 20

Devanagari script

यदा स्वयं न यज्ञस्य विघ्नकर्ता महाबल:।।।।तेन सञ्चोदितौ द्वौ तु राक्षसौ वै महाबलौ।मारीचश्च सुबाहुश्च यज्ञविघ्नं करिष्यत:।।।।

Transliteration

yadā svayaṁ na yajñasya vighnakartā mahābalaḥ | tena sañcoditau dvau tu rākṣasau vai mahābalau | mārīcaś ca subāhuś ca yajñavighnaṁ kariṣyataḥ |

Translation

Khi kẻ đại lực ấy không tự mình trực tiếp phá hoại lễ tế (yajña), hắn liền xúi giục hai La-sát hùng mạnh—Mārīca và Subāhu—đến gây chướng ngại cho yajña.

Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal conjunction: when)
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (reflexive adverb: himself)
नnot
न:
Niṣedha (निषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
यज्ञस्यof the sacrifice
यज्ञस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन
विघ्नकर्ताobstacle-maker
विघ्नकर्ता:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootvighna (प्रातिपदिक) + kartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: विघ्नस्य कर्ता = ‘creator of obstacles’
महाबलःmighty
महाबलः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तेनby him
तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument/Agent in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
सञ्चोदितौprompted / incited
सञ्चोदितौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootsam√cud (धातु) + ita (कृत्)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; ‘द्वौ राक्षसौ’ इति विशेषण
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्यावाचक-विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; ‘राक्षसौ’ इति विशेष्य
तुbut / indeed
तु:
Nipāta (निपात/Contrast)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिपात (contrastive particle)
राक्षसौtwo rākṣasas
राक्षसौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
वैindeed
वै:
Nipāta (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
महाबलौvery strong
महाबलौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; ‘राक्षसौ’ इति विशेष्य
मारीचःMārīca
मारीचः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, part of dvandva-list)
TypeNoun
Rootmārīca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
सुबाहुःSubāhu
सुबाहुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, part of dvandva-list)
TypeNoun
Rootsubāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
यज्ञविघ्नम्sacrificial obstruction
यज्ञविघ्नम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña (प्रातिपदिक) + vighna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: यज्ञस्य विघ्नः = ‘obstruction to the sacrifice’
करिष्यतःwill do / will cause
करिष्यतः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future/लृट्), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद
Context

Although endowed with great strength, Ravana, by himself, never created impediments to the sacrifice. But two rakshasas by name Maricha and Subahu are incited by him to cause obstacles".

Characters & Entities
R
Rāvaṇa
M
Mārīca
S
Subāhu
Y
Yajña

FAQs

Undermining sacred rites through proxies is still adharma; moral responsibility includes incitement and indirect harm, not only direct action.

Daśaratha explains that even if Rāvaṇa is not personally present, he orchestrates attacks on sacrifices via Mārīca and Subāhu.

Vigilance—recognizing that threats to dharma can be indirect and coordinated.

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