Valmiki Ramayana 2.83.13: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 13

अयोध्याकाण्डे त्र्यशीति तमः सर्गः — Bharata’s Departure and Encampment on the Gaṅgā

Śṛṅgīberapura

Devanagari script

मणिकाराश्च ये केचित्कुम्भकाराश्च शोभनाः।सूत्रकर्मकृतश्चैव ये च शस्त्रोपजीविनः।2.83.12।।मयूरकाः क्राकचिका रोचका वेधकास्तथा।दन्तकारा स्सुधाकारा स्तथा गन्धोपजीविनः।।2.83.13।।सुवर्णकाराः प्रख्यातास्तथा कम्बलधावकाः।स्नापकोष्णोदका वैद्याधूपकाश्शौण्डिकास्तथा।।2.83.14।।रजकास्तुन्नवायाश्च ग्रामघोषमहत्तराः।शैलूषाश्च सह स्त्रीभिर्ययुः कैवर्तकास्तथा।।2.83.15।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.83.13

Transliteration

maṇikārāś ca ye kecit kumbhakārāś ca śobhanāḥ | sūtrakarmakṛtaś caiva ye ca śastropajīvinaḥ ||

mayūrakāḥ krākacikā rocakā vedhakās tathā | dantakārāḥ sudhākārāḥ tathā gandhopajīvinaḥ ||

suvarṇakārāḥ prakhyātās tathā kambaladhāvakāḥ | snāpakōṣṇodakā vaidyā dhūpakāḥ śauṇḍikās tathā ||

rajakās tunnavāyāś ca grāmagoṣamahattarāḥ | śailūṣāś ca saha strībhir yayuḥ kaivartakās tathā ||

Translation

Những người thợ ngọc, các thợ gốm khéo; thợ dệt và những kẻ mưu sinh bằng nghề binh khí; thợ làm đồ trang sức lông công, thợ cưa, thợ làm đồ lặt vặt và thợ khoan đục; thợ ngà, thợ trát vôi, cùng người buôn hương liệu; các thợ kim hoàn lừng danh, người giặt chăn, người coi tắm nước nóng, lương y, người bán hương trầm và kẻ bán rượu; thợ giặt, thợ may, các trưởng thôn ấp; nghệ nhân sân khấu đi cùng phụ nữ của họ, và cả dân chài—tất thảy đều cùng đi, theo chân Bharata.

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Word by Word

• samāhitāḥ: composed (in mind)
• samāhitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-√dhā (धातु) > samāhita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Bahuvacana (Plural); Kta-pratyaya past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), meaning 'composed/collected'

• vedavidaḥ: knowers of the Vedas
• vedavidaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: veda + vid (प्रातिपदिक); vid (विद्) as nominal 'knower'
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom/1st), Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'vedaṃ veda' = 'knowers of the Veda(s)'

• brāhmaṇāḥ: Brahmins
• brāhmaṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom/1st), Bahuvacana

• vṛtta-sammatāḥ: esteemed for good conduct
• vṛtta-sammatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛtta (प्रातिपदिक) + sammata (सम्+√man्, क्त-कृदन्त as adjective)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom/1st), Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'vṛttena sammatāḥ' = 'approved/esteemed for conduct'; sammata = kta-kridanta (क्त)

• go-rathaiḥ: by bullock-carts
• go-rathaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa 'gobhiḥ yuktāḥ rathāḥ' = bullock-carts

• bharatam: Bharata
• bharatam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• yāntam: going / departing
• yāntam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yā (धातु) > yānt (शतृ-कृदन्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc/2nd), Ekavacana; Śatṛ-present active participle (शतृ) qualifying 'bharatam'

• anujagmuḥ: followed
• anujagmuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√gam (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/Past, लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana (Plural); parasmaipada; 'they followed'

• sahasraśaḥ: in thousands
• sahasraśaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasraśas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable) adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'by thousands/in thousands'

Context

Gem-polishers, potters, weapon-smiths, weavers, makers of adornments with peacock feathers, sawyers, makers of artificial ornaments, perforators of shells and ornaments, ivory-workers, whitewashers, purveyors of fragrant essences, renowned goldsmiths, blanket-cleaners, hot-bath attendants, physicians, vintners, incense merchants, washermen, tailors, headmen of villages and hamlets, actors along with their wives, fishermen -- all followed Bharata.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as a shared societal undertaking: every profession and community group participates in supporting the righteous resolution centered on Rama and Bharata’s moral stance.

What is the narrative situation?

A wide cross-section of Ayodhya’s populace—artisans, service providers, leaders, performers, and others—joins the procession accompanying Bharata.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s moral legitimacy and public trust: the breadth of followers implies confidence in his dharmic intent rather than personal ambition.