Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 59, Shloka 8

एकोनषष्ठितमः सर्गः (Sarga 59): सुमन्त्रवाक्यं, अयोध्याविषादः, दाशरथिशोकसागरः

Devanagari script

विषये ते महाराज रामव्यसनकर्शिताः।अपि वृक्षाः परिम्लानास्सपुष्पाङ्कुरकोरकाः।।2.59.8।।

Transliteration

viṣaye te mahārāja rāmavyasanakarśitāḥ | api vṛkṣāḥ parimlānāḥ sapuṣpāṅkurakorakāḥ || 2.59.8 ||

Translation

Muôn tâu Đại vương, khắp cõi của Người—đến cả cây cối, tuy mang hoa, chồi non và nụ—cũng héo úa, vì tai ương giáng xuống Rāma mà bị dày vò.

Word by Word

• viṣaye: in the realm/territory
• viṣaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• te: of you/your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun

• mahā-rāja: O great king
• mahā-rāja: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• rāma-vyasana-karśitāḥ: afflicted due to Rama's calamity
• rāma-vyasana-karśitāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + vyasana (प्रातिपदिक) + karśita (कृदन्त; √kṛś कृश्, क्त)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); past passive participle used adjectivally; compound sense: ‘afflicted by the calamity concerning Rama’

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात); emphatic/also/even

• vṛkṣāḥ: trees
• vṛkṣāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• parimlānāḥ: withered
• parimlānāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari-mlāna (कृदन्त; √mlā म्ला, क्त)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); past participle used adjectivally

• sa-puṣpa-aṅkura-korakāḥ: having flowers, shoots, and buds
• sa-puṣpa-aṅkura-korakāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (प्रातिपदिक) + puṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅkura (प्रातिपदिक) + koraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); bahuvrīhi: ‘having flowers, shoots, and buds’

Context

O great king! even trees with their flowers, buds and shoots throughout your empire have withered because of the calamity on Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• Ayodhyā (implied by 'your realm')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse presents the king’s dharma as inseparable from the well-being of the realm: when righteousness is shaken (through the suffering of the righteous heir), nature itself reflects disorder, urging the ruler to restore dharmic balance.

What is the narrative situation?

In Ayodhyā’s crisis surrounding Rāma, speakers describe ominous, kingdom-wide signs—trees withering despite budding—indicating collective distress tied to Rāma’s misfortune.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s moral centrality: his fate is portrayed as so bound to cosmic and social order that his suffering becomes a public and even natural calamity.