Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 36, Shloka 15

अयोध्याकाण्डे षट्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Daśaratha’s orders for Rama’s escort; Kaikeyi’s fear; the Asamañjasa precedent

Devanagari script

तस्यैतत्क्रोधसंयुक्तमुक्तं श्रुत्वा वराङ्गना।कैकेयी द्विगुणं क्रुद्धा राजानमिदमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

tasyaitat krodhasaṃyuktam uktaṃ śrutvā varāṅganā | kaikeyī dviguṇaṃ kruddhā rājānam idam abravīt || 2.36.15 ||

Translation

Nghe những lời thốt ra trong cơn phẫn nộ ấy của vua, Kaikeyī—bậc giai nhân—lại càng bừng bừng giận dữ gấp đôi, rồi tâu với đức vua như vầy.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him (Daśaratha)
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; object of śrutvā

• krodha-saṃyuktam: accompanied by anger
• krodha-saṃyuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krodha (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyukta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; qualifying etat/uktaṃ

• uktam: spoken/uttered
• uktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त); Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; qualifying etat

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (क्त्वा); 'having heard'

• vara-aṅganā: the lovely woman
• vara-aṅganā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅganā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; subject-apposition to kaikeyī

• kaikeyī: Kaikeyi
• kaikeyī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular

• dviguṇam: twice/doubly
• dviguṇam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचनम्)

• kruddhā: angry
• kruddhā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular; adjective of kaikeyī

• rājānam: to the king
• rājānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; object of abravīt (idam vākyam understood)

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्) aorist; Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person) Singular

Context

At these wrathful words of Dasaratha, Kaikeyi with redoubled fury replied to the king:

Characters & Entities

• Kaikeyī
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It warns how krodha (anger) multiplies conflict and clouds dharmic judgment, escalating speech into harm.

What is the narrative situation?

After Daśaratha’s harsh rebuke, Kaikeyī responds with intensified anger, preparing further arguments and demands.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse primarily illustrates the vice of uncontrolled anger, indirectly elevating the dharmic ideal of restraint.