Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 26, Shloka 9

अयोध्याकाण्डे षड्विंशः सर्गः

Rama’s Departure and Sita’s Questions; Disclosure of Exile and Counsel on Courtly Conduct

Devanagari script

अद्य बार्हस्पत श्श्रीमान्युक्तः पुष्योऽनु राघव।प्रोच्यते ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः।।।।

Transliteration

adya bārhaspataś śrīmān yuktaḥ puṣyo 'nu rāghava | procyate brāhmaṇaiḥ prājñaiḥ kena tvam asi durmanāḥ ||

Translation

Hỡi Rāghava, hôm nay dưới sao Puṣya cát tường, với Bṛhaspati chủ trì, các bậc Bà-la-môn trí tuệ đã tuyên là ngày thích hợp (cho lễ đăng quang). Vậy cớ sao ngài lại u sầu?

Word by Word

• adya: today
• adya: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (today)

• bārhaspataḥ: (with) Bṛhaspati presiding
• bārhaspataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bārhaspata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; puṣya-विशेषण (presided over by Bṛhaspati)

• śrīmān: auspicious
• śrīmān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; puṣya-विशेषण (auspicious)

• yuktaḥ: is in conjunction/appropriate
• yuktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yuj (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; puṣya-विशेषण (joined/appropriate)

• puṣyaḥ: Pushya (asterism)
• puṣyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नक्षत्रनाम

• anu: O (particle)
• anu: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anu (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बोधन-समीपार्थक निपात (particle used with vocative: O/hey)

• rāghava: O Raghava
• rāghava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• procyate: is declared
• procyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√vac (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive: is declared)

• brāhmaṇaiḥ: by brahmins
• brāhmaṇaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• prājñaiḥ: learned/wise
• prājñaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prājña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; brāhmaṇaiḥ-विशेषण

• kena: for what reason
• kena: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (by what?/for what reason?)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन; मध्यमपुरुषार्थे (you)

• asi: are
• asi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• durmanāḥ: dejected/sad-minded
• durmanāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; tvam-विशेषण

Context

O scion of the Raghu race, today has been declared by learned brahmins a suitable and auspicious day for consecration under Pushya star with Brihaspati as presiding deity. Then why are you dejected?

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Puṣya (nakṣatra)
• Bṛhaspati
• Brāhmaṇas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed through social-ritual order: auspicious timing and learned counsel support righteous kingship; Sītā appeals to that public dharmic framework to question Rāma’s grief.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā contrasts the proclaimed auspiciousness of the coronation day with Rāma’s visible dejection, seeking the hidden cause.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s discernment—she understands the public meaning of the day and notices the mismatch between outer celebration and inner sorrow.