Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 26, Shloka 5

अयोध्याकाण्डे षड्विंशः सर्गः

Rama’s Departure and Sita’s Questions; Disclosure of Exile and Counsel on Courtly Conduct

Devanagari script

प्रविवेशाथ रामस्तु स्वं वेश्म सुविभूषितम्।प्रहृष्टजनसम्पूर्णं ह्रिया किञ्चिदवाङ्मुखः।।।।

Transliteration

praviveśātha rāmas tu svaṃ veśma suvibhūṣitam |

prahṛṣṭa-jana-sampūrṇaṃ hriyā kiñcid avāṅmukhaḥ ||

Translation

Bấy giờ Rāma bước vào tư dinh rực rỡ trang nghiêm của mình, nơi đầy ắp người vui mừng; nhưng vì lòng khiêm thẹn, chàng hơi cúi mặt mà đi.

Word by Word

• praviveśa: entered
• praviveśa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-vi-viś (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• atha: then/thereafter
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्ध/अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय (conjunctive adverb: then/thereafter)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• svam: his own
• svam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) of veśma

• veśma: house/residence
• veśma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veśman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन

• su-vibhūṣitam: well-decorated
• su-vibhūṣitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + vibhūṣita (कृदन्त; भूष् धातु)
• Form: भूष् (to adorn) + वि उपसर्ग; क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; veśma-विशेषण

• prahṛṣṭa-jana-sampūrṇam: filled with delighted people
• prahṛṣṭa-jana-sampūrṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prahṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; हृष् धातु) + jana (प्रातिपदिक) + sampūrṇa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; पूर् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; veśma-विशेषण; समासः: प्रहृष्टाः जनाः येन तत् (people-delighted-filled)

• hriyā: with modesty/embarrassment
• hriyā: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hrī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; हेतौ/साधने (instrumental: due to/with modesty)

• kiñcit: a little
• kiñcit: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
• Form: परिमाणवाचक अव्यय (indeclinable: a little)

• avāṅmukhaḥ: with face turned downward
• avāṅmukhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: avāṅ + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; राम-विशेषण; बहुव्रीहि: अवाङ् मुखं यस्य सः (one whose face is turned downward)

Context

In terms of love, affection and service, the rest of my mothers are all equal. Therefore, you must pay them due respect regularly.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is reflected as maryādā (propriety): even amid public joy, Rāma maintains humility and self-restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma arrives at his residence, where people are excited—hinting at major events—while his demeanor remains subdued.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vinaya (modesty) and emotional discipline: Rāma does not indulge in outward display despite the festive atmosphere.