Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 115, Shloka 9

पादुकाभिषेकः

The Consecration of Rama’s Sandals and Bharata’s Trusteeship at Nandigrama

Devanagari script

आरुह्य च रथं शीघ्रं शत्रुघ्नभरतावुभौ।ययतुः परमप्रीतौ वृतौ मन्त्रिपुरोहितैः।।।।

Transliteration

āruhya ca rathaṃ śīghraṃ śatrughnabharatāv ubhau |

yayatuḥ paramaprītau vṛtau mantripurōhitaiḥ ||

Translation

Bharata và Śatrughna, lòng đầy hoan hỷ, vội vàng lên xe rồi khởi hành, chung quanh có các đại thần và các vị tế sư hộ tống.

Word by Word

• āruhya: having mounted
• āruhya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-ruh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावे क्रियाविशेषणम्; धातु: रुह्, उपसर्ग: आ-

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ratham: chariot
• ratham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• śatrughna-bharatau: Satrughna and Bharata
• śatrughna-bharatau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatrughna (प्रातिपदिक) + bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• ubhau: both
• ubhau: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier of the dual subject)

• yayatuḥ: went/proceeded
• yayatuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद

• parama-prītau: highly pleased
• parama-prītau: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + prīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; कर्तृ-विशेषणम्

• vṛtau: surrounded/attended
• vṛtau: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; भावे/कर्मणि प्रयोगः; कर्तृ-विशेषणम्

• mantri-purohitaiḥ: by/with ministers and priests
• mantri-purohitaiḥ: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantrin (प्रातिपदिक) + purohita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/सह), बहुवचन

Context

Highly pleased, Bharata and Satrughna ascended the chariot and, surrounded by counsellors and priests, set out speedily.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• ministers (mantri)
• priests (purohita)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Orderly public action under guidance—royal movement is conducted with proper attendants (ministers and priests), reflecting disciplined governance.

What is the narrative situation?

After mounting the chariot, Bharata and Śatrughna depart promptly with the formal retinue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility and propriety (maryādā) in royal conduct—moving with counsel and ritual authority.