Shloka 30

महोत्पात-लक्षणानि

Omens before Khara’s Assault

Devanagari script

एतच्चान्यच्च बहुशो ब्रुवाणाः परमर्षयः।।3.23.29।।जातकौतूहलास्तत्र विमानस्थाश्च देवताः।ददृशुर्वाहिनीं तेषां राक्षसानां गतायुषाम्।।3.23.30।।

Transliteration

etac cānyac ca bahuśo bruvāṇāḥ paramarṣayaḥ || 3.23.29 ||

jāta-kautūhalās tatra vimāna-sthāś ca devatāḥ |

dadṛśur vāhinīṃ teṣāṃ rākṣasānāṃ gatāyuṣām || 3.23.30 ||

Translation

Đây là đoạn trùng lặp theo bản Nam truyền: khi các bậc đại ẩn sĩ nói dài lâu như vậy, chư Thiên ngự trên các vimāna, lòng muốn xem, đã nhìn thấy đoàn quân Rākṣasa mà thọ mạng đã gần tận, sắp chịu diệt vong.

Word by Word

• jātakautūhalāḥ: filled with curiosity
• jātakautūhalāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jāta + kautūhala (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भावार्थे तत्पुरुष: 'having arisen curiosity' = 'curious/eager'

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय): 'there'

• vimānasthāḥ: stationed in aerial chariots
• vimānasthāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vimāna + stha (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: 'standing/being in vimānas (aerial chariots)'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• devatāḥ: the gods
• devatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); 'the deities/gods'

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vāhinīm: army
• vāhinīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• teṣām: of those
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन); 'of those'

• rākṣasānām: of the demons
• rākṣasānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)

• gatāyuṣām: whose life was nearing its end
• gatāyuṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण-षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata + āyus (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'whose lifespan has gone' = 'doomed/with life nearing end'; qualifying rākṣasānām

Context

A dark ring, blood-red in colour appeared on the border of the Sun's orb, dark in themiddle. This phenomenon of the Sun appeared like a ring of moving charcoal covering the Sun.

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reinforces karmic moral order: adharma carries consequences, and the narrative marks the rākṣasas as approaching the fruit of their deeds.

What is the narrative situation?

A duplicated/overlapping narration describes divine spectators observing the rākṣasa army as the seers converse.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Cosmic impartiality: gods and seers observe rather than interfere, underscoring that outcomes follow dharma and destiny.