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Shloka 66

The Origin of the Daṇḍaka Forest and Rāma’s Dharma-Judgment

Vulture vs. Owl

सिंहव्याघ्रसमाकीर्णे नानाद्विजसमावृते । गृध्रोलूकौ प्रवसितौ बहून्वर्षगणानपि

siṃhavyāghrasamākīrṇe nānādvijasamāvṛte | gṛdhrolūkau pravasitau bahūnvarṣagaṇānapi

Nơi ấy chật kín sư tử và hổ, lại tràn ngập muôn loài chim. Tại đó, kền kền và cú cũng cư ngụ suốt nhiều năm dài.

सिंह-व्याघ्र-समाकीर्णेcrowded with lions and tigers
सिंह-व्याघ्र-समाकीर्णे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक) + व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक) + समाकीर्ण (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √कॄ/कीर्ण)
Formसिंह-व्याघ्र (द्वन्द्वः) + तृतीया-तत्पुरुषसम्बन्धः (crowded with lions and tigers); भूतकृदन्त, पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण
नानाvarious
नाना:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विशेषणार्थक ('various')
द्विज-समावृतेfilled with many birds
द्विज-समावृते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + समावृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सम्+आ+√वृ)
Formतृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (covered/filled with birds); भूतकृदन्त, पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेषण
गृध्र-उलूकौthe vulture and the owl
गृध्र-उलूकौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगृध्र (प्रातिपदिक) + उलूक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्वसमासः (vulture and owl); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative), द्विवचन (dual)
प्रवसितौhad dwelt / had stayed
प्रवसितौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वस् (धातु) → प्रवसित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle) used predicatively; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; कर्तृसम्बन्धे
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण (qualifying वर्ष-गणान्)
वर्ष-गणान्years (in groups) / many years
वर्ष-गणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (groups of years); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
अपिeven / also
अपि:
Sambandha/Anvaya (सम्बन्ध/अन्वय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (also/even)

Narrator (contextual speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Concept: Sacred places are not merely gentle; they include the fierce and the shadowed—dharma requires steadiness amid both beauty and danger.

Application: Hold inner calm in intimidating environments; avoid romanticizing spirituality—practice discernment, courage, and respect for nature’s power.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A dense forest clearing brims with life and tension: lions and tigers move through tall grass while flocks of birds wheel overhead. On a gnarled branch, a vulture and an owl perch like ancient sentinels, their watchful stillness suggesting many years of dwelling in this charged, sacred wilderness.","primary_figures":["lions","tigers","vulture (gṛdhra)","owl (ulūka)","varied forest birds"],"setting":"shadowed forest clearing near a mountain slope; tall grasses, twisted trees, and a faint stream glinting in the distance","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["deep forest green","charcoal black","tiger orange","bone white","dusky bronze"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dramatic forest tableau with stylized lions and tigers amid ornate foliage; vulture and owl perched prominently; gold leaf used sparingly for eye highlights and sacred aura motifs, rich reds/greens, decorative border with vine patterns, iconic animal forms with jewel-like detailing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: finely detailed wilderness scene with subtle tension—predators in tall grass, birds in layered flight; muted earthy palette with precise linework, atmospheric depth, refined naturalism, distant mountain hints.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlined animals in rhythmic composition; intense eyes, patterned fur, and stylized trees; strong red/yellow/green pigments with dark grounding tones, temple-wall aesthetic, ornamental borders and symbolic symmetry.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: an unusual ‘wild tīrtha’ pichwai—dense floral borders framing a forest clearing; repeating bird motifs, stylized predators, deep blues and gold accents; owl and vulture as central medallion-like guardians, intricate patterning across foliage."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["low forest wind","distant animal calls","sudden wing flaps","rustling grass","tense silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सिंहव्याघ्रसमाकीर्णे = सिंह-व्याघ्र-समाकीर्णे; नानाद्विजसमावृते = नाना + द्विज-समावृते; गृध्रोलूकौ = गृध्र-उलूकौ; बहून्वर्षगणानपि = बहून् + वर्ष-गणान् + अपि।

FAQs

It describes a wild region teeming with predators (lions and tigers) and many birds, where a vulture and an owl are said to have lived for many years.

Not directly; it functions primarily as narrative setting and atmosphere, which may support a larger story or moral in the surrounding verses.

In Sanskrit, 'dvija' can mean 'twice-born' and is also used poetically for birds, referencing their ‘second birth’ when they hatch from eggs.