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Shloka 30

Indra’s Purification and the Limits of Pilgrimage: Four Sinners Seek Release

भवान्को हि सुदुःखात्मा वृक्षच्छायां समाश्रितः । विदुरेण समासेन आत्मपापं निवेदितम्

bhavānko hi suduḥkhātmā vṛkṣacchāyāṃ samāśritaḥ | vidureṇa samāsena ātmapāpaṃ niveditam

Ngươi là ai, kẻ mang tâm khổ sầu sâu nặng, nương náu dưới bóng cây? Hãy vắn tắt bày tỏ cho ta tội lỗi của chính ngươi.

bhavānyou (sir)
bhavān:
Karta (कर्ता/subject) (in interrogative identification)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma-prāya (pronoun-like), Puṃliṅga (masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (singular); sambodhyārtha-prayoga (used in address)
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject) (interrogative: who?)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (interrogative pronoun), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle; no kāraka)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle), emphasis/assurance
suduḥkhātmāvery sorrowful (one)
suduḥkhātmā:
Karta (कर्ता) (as qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + duḥkha + ātman (प्रातिपदिक); su- (उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद), duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक), ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi-samāsa (बहुव्रीहि) = 'whose self is very sorrowful'; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of bhavān/kaḥ
vṛkṣa-chāyāmthe shade of a tree
vṛkṣa-chāyām:
Karma (कर्म/object) (of samāśritaḥ: having resorted to)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + chāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) 'tree’s shade'; Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana
samāśritaḥhaving taken refuge (in)
samāśritaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate participle agreeing with subject)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-śri (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormKṛdanta past passive participle (क्त/PPP), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; kartari-prayoga sense: 'having taken refuge/resorted'
vidureṇaby Vidura
vidureṇa:
Karta (कर्ता/agent) (of niveditam in passive construction)
TypeNoun
Rootvidura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana
samāsenabriefly / in summary
samāsena:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsamāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana; karaṇa-bhāva (means/manner)
ātma-pāpamhis own sin
ātma-pāpam:
Karma (कर्म/object) (of niveditam: what was reported)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक) + pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (one’s own sin); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana
niveditamwas reported / was confessed
niveditam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate; passive)
TypeVerb
Rootni-vid (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormKṛdanta past passive participle (क्त/PPP), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; karmaṇi-prayoga: 'was reported/declared'

Unspecified (dialogue context not provided in the input excerpt; likely a questioning sage/elder addressing a sorrowful person).

Concept: Compassionate questioning and truthful self-disclosure are prerequisites for healing; naming one’s pāpa before a wise inquirer initiates the path to prāyaścitta and renewed dharma.

Application: When encountering someone burdened by guilt or grief, ask gently and listen; when you are burdened, speak truthfully to a trustworthy guide rather than hiding in isolation.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A weary, sorrow-laden wanderer sits under a broad-canopied tree, head bowed, while an elder approaches with a calm, open hand gesture inviting speech. Sunlight filters through leaves in soft patterns, suggesting that even in grief there is a gentle path toward clarity.","primary_figures":["a sorrowful wanderer","a compassionate elder/sage (questioner)"],"setting":"forest path beside a large banyan or aśvattha tree, with fallen leaves and a small earthen water pot nearby","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["leaf green","earth brown","soft gold","shadow teal","cream"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a grand banyan tree with stylized leaves, the distressed figure seated beneath, the sage standing with a gesture of inquiry, gold leaf accents on the sunbeams and sacred thread, rich reds/greens in ornamental borders, devotional solemnity conveyed through symmetrical composition and luminous detailing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate banyan canopy with fine leaf clusters, dappled light painted as pale gold dots, the sage’s compassionate face rendered with refined features, subdued earthy palette with cool shadows, lyrical quietness and intimate spacing between figures.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, the tree rendered with rhythmic leaf patterns, the sorrowful figure in muted tones, the sage in brighter yellow-green, large expressive eyes emphasizing empathy, temple-wall aesthetic with balanced composition and symbolic clarity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central banyan motif framed by lotus borders, peacocks and small birds perched quietly, deep blue-green ground with gold highlights, the dialogue scene treated as a devotional vignette of compassion and truth-telling."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["rustling leaves","distant birds","soft footfalls on forest path","brief silence after questions"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: bhavān+kaḥ → bhavānko (visarga/ḥ to k); kilbiṣāt+kila etc not in this verse. vṛkṣa+chāyām is a compound; no external sandhi. niveditam is PPP used as finite predicate.

FAQs

It urges a sorrow-stricken person to identify themselves and to state—briefly and clearly—the wrongdoing (pāpa) that caused their distress, highlighting moral causality and self-disclosure.

By linking intense sorrow with “one’s own sin,” it reflects the karmic idea that suffering can arise from prior unethical acts and that acknowledging them is a step toward correction.

It suggests honest, direct accountability—confession without evasion or embellishment—so that guidance, remedy, or atonement can follow.