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Shloka 13

Kāśī-māhātmya: Avimukta Gaṅgā and the Pañcanada Tīrtha

मोक्षस्तु लभ्यते काश्यां नरेणावलितात्मना । ख्यातो धर्मनदो नाम ह्रदस्तत्रैव सुंदरि ॥ १३ ॥

mokṣastu labhyate kāśyāṃ nareṇāvalitātmanā | khyāto dharmanado nāma hradastatraiva suṃdari || 13 ||

Giải thoát quả thật được chứng đắc tại Kāśī bởi người có nội tâm vững chãi và tự chế. Ngay tại đó, hỡi giai nhân, có một hồ thiêng nổi tiếng mang tên Dharmanada.

mokṣaḥliberation
mokṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmokṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAdversative/emphatic particle (तु-निपात)
labhyateis obtained
labhyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√labh (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive sense ‘is obtained’
kāśyāmin Kashi
kāśyām:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
TypeNoun
Rootkāśī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
nareṇaby a man
nareṇa:
Karana (करण/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
avalita-ātmanāwith restrained self
avalita-ātmanā:
Karana (करण/agent in passive)
TypeAdjective
Rootava-√lī (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त) → avalita (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘with a controlled/self-restrained self’ (अवलित आत्मा यस्य) used as qualifier of nareṇa
khyātaḥknown/called
khyātaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Root√khyā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त) → khyāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dharma-nadaḥ(one) named Dharmanada
dharma-nadaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + nada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष proper name ‘Dharma-nada’
nāmaby name
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/naming marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable used to mark naming (नाम-निपात)
hradaḥa lake
hradaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roothrada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारणार्थक निपात)
sundariO beautiful one
sundari:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootsundarī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

Narada (teaching within the Kashi Mahatmya narration)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

K
Kashi (Varanasi)
D
Dharmanada Hrada

FAQs

It declares Kāśī as a preeminent moksha-kṣetra and links liberation not merely to location but to inner discipline (a controlled, steady self), while also pointing to Dharmanada Hrada as a renowned sacred tirtha within Kāśī.

Though it does not explicitly mention Vishnu-bhakti here, it reflects the Purāṇic principle that sacred places bear fruit when approached with purified intention and self-restraint—qualities that also mature devotion and make tirtha-sevā spiritually effective.

Primarily kalpa-oriented tirtha practice is implied: recognizing named sacred sites (hrada/tirtha) within Kāśī and approaching them with niyama (discipline). No direct technical teaching of vyākaraṇa, jyotiṣa, or śikṣā is stated in this verse.