Shloka 30

Yama’s Journey to Brahmaloka

Ekadashi–Dvadashi Mahatmya in the Rukmangada Cycle

Devanagari script

तद्भयाद्धि जनाः सर्वे द्वादशीं समुपासते । व्याजेनापि मुनुश्रेष्ठ द्वादश्यां समुपोषिताः ॥ ३० ॥

Transliteration

tadbhayāddhi janāḥ sarve dvādaśīṃ samupāsate | vyājenāpi munuśreṣṭha dvādaśyāṃ samupoṣitāḥ || 30 ||

Translation

Vì sợ hậu quả ấy, mọi người quả thật đều kính giữ Dvādaśī. Ôi bậc hiền triết tối thượng, dẫu chỉ vin cớ mà làm, rốt cuộc họ cũng phải nhịn ăn trong ngày Dvādaśī.

Word by Word

• tad-bhayāt: from that fear
• tad-bhayāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्-सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + bhaya (भय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) ‘bhaya’, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); ‘from that fear’

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphatic

• janāḥ: people
• janāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (जन-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (सर्व-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural; adjective qualifying janāḥ

• dvādaśīm: the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
• dvādaśīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvādaśī (द्वादशी-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• samupāsate: observe/worship
• samupāsate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-√ās (सम्+उप+√आस् धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Plural; ‘to worship/observe’

• vyājena: by a pretext
• vyājena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyāja (व्याज-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; ‘by pretext’

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), concessive ‘even’

• munu-śreṣṭha: O best of sages
• munu-śreṣṭha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (मुनि-प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (श्रेष्ठ-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular; address to ‘best of sages’ (text reads मुनु-; understood as मुनि-)

• dvādaśyām: on Dvādaśī
• dvādaśyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvādaśī (द्वादशी-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular

• samupoṣitāḥ: having fasted
• samupoṣitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-√vas (सम्+उप+√वस्/उपवासे धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural; ‘having fasted/kept a fast’

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Dvādaśī-sevā / Dvādaśī-vrata (connected to Harivāsara discipline)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It stresses the compelling power of Dvādaśī-observance: even those motivated by fear or social pretext still perform a Hari-pleasing fast, indicating Dvādaśī’s strong dharmic protection and merit.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is supported by vrata-discipline: honoring Dvādaśī (closely linked with Viṣṇu’s worship-time, Hari-vāsara) trains the mind toward restraint and remembrance, so practice can mature from fear-driven compliance into genuine devotion.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa/ritual discipline is implied—observing tithi-based vows (Dvādaśī) and upavāsa rules tied to the lunar calendar, a practical application of traditional time-reckoning used in vrata performance.