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Shloka 20

Mohinī-ākhyāna: The Trial of Ekādaśī and the King’s Satya-saṅkalpa

भवद्भिर्नोचितं वक्तुं प्रतिकूलं व्रतापहम् । असंपरीक्ष्य ये दद्युः प्रायश्चित्तं द्विजातयः ॥ २० ॥

bhavadbhirnocitaṃ vaktuṃ pratikūlaṃ vratāpaham | asaṃparīkṣya ye dadyuḥ prāyaścittaṃ dvijātayaḥ || 20 ||

Các ngài không nên nói điều trái với dharma và làm tổn hại các thệ nguyện. Những bậc nhị sinh nào đặt ra sự sám hối mà chưa xét kỹ sự việc trước, thật là hành xử sai lầm.

bhavadbhiḥby you (respected ones)
bhavadbhiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument/agentive)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formभवत्-शब्द (आदरार्थक सर्वनाम); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
ucitamproper/appropriate
ucitam:
Karma (कर्म/object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootucita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण; ‘उचित’ (proper)
vaktumto say
vaktum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); ‘to speak’
pratikūlamunfavorable/contrary
pratikūlam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeAdjective
Rootpratikūla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण
vrata-apahamthat which destroys the vow
vrata-apaham:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeAdjective
Rootvrata (प्रातिपदिक) + apaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुष-समास (व्रतस्य अपहः/अपहरणं करोति इति)
asaṃparīkṣyawithout examining
asaṃparīkṣya:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootpari-īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त; उपसर्गः परि-; नञ्-पूर्वक (a-); ‘without examining’
yewho (those who)
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formसम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
dadyuḥwould give / might prescribe
dadyuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
prāyaścittamexpiation/penance
prāyaścittam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootprāyaścitta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
dvijātayaḥtwice-born men
dvijātayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdvijāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Narada (in dialogue on dharma/prāyaścitta principles)

Vrata: none (talks about vows generally: vrata-apaha = vow-destroying)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

FAQs

It teaches that dharma must be applied with discernment: penance should heal a fault, not become a new harm that breaks one’s vow and spiritual discipline.

By protecting vows and disciplined practice, it safeguards the devotee’s steady sādhana; careless prescriptions that disrupt vrata weaken consistent worship and remembrance.

It emphasizes dharma-vicāra (case-based examination) aligned with śāstra and ritual procedure—an applied discipline closely tied to Kalpa (ritual method) and Smṛti-based adjudication.