Shloka 60

The Liberation of the Lizard

Godhā-vimukti

Devanagari script

एषा हि नगरी सर्वा सद्रुमा ससरीसृपा । सबालवृद्धतरुणा सनारी सचतुष्पदा ॥ ६० ॥

Transliteration

eṣā hi nagarī sarvā sadrumā sasarīsṛpā | sabālavṛddhataruṇā sanārī sacatuṣpadā || 60 ||

Translation

Quả thật, toàn thể thành này tràn đầy cây cối và các loài bò trườn; gồm trẻ thơ, người già và người trẻ; có phụ nữ, và cả các loài thú bốn chân nữa.

Word by Word

• eṣā: this (she/this one)
• eṣā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम-शब्द (pronoun)

• hi: indeed, for
• hi: Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय

• nagarī: city
• nagarī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nagarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.)

• sarvā: entire, all
• sarvā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); विशेषण (adjective) नगरी-विशेषण

• sa-drumā: with trees
• sa-drumā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय उपसर्गार्थ ‘सहित’) + druma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); ‘सहित’ अर्थे समास/प्रयोगः (with trees)

• sa-sarīsṛpā: with reptiles/creeping creatures
• sa-sarīsṛpā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय ‘सहित’) + sarīsṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); ‘सहित’ अर्थे (with reptiles/creeping creatures)

• sa-bāla-vṛddha-taruṇā: with children, elders, and youths
• sa-bāla-vṛddha-taruṇā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय ‘सहित’) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛddha (प्रातिपदिक) + taruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); बाला-वृद्ध-तरुण (children, old, young) इति द्वन्द्व-समाहारः; ‘सहित’ अर्थे (with)

• sa-nārī: with women
• sa-nārī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय ‘सहित’) + nārī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); ‘सहित’ अर्थे (with women)

• sa-catuṣpadā: with quadrupeds
• sa-catuṣpadā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय ‘सहित’) + catuṣpada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (Sing.); ‘सहित’ अर्थे (with four-footed animals)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue instructing Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames the tirtha as a living, complete world—humans of all ages and other beings coexist—supporting the Purana’s view that sacred places sanctify all life within their sphere.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By portraying the holy city as inclusive of all beings, it implies that bhakti and pilgrimage are not limited by social category or age; devotion expressed through tirtha-seva can uplift the entire community of life.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught directly; the verse functions as a descriptive mahatmya passage supporting pilgrimage practice rather than technical instruction.