Kṛṣṇādi-mantra-varga-varṇana
Classification of Krishna and Related Mantras
कृष्णेति द्व्यक्षरः प्रोक्तः कामादिः स्यात्त्रिवर्णकः । सैव ङेंतो युगार्णः स्यात्कृष्णाय नम इत्यपि ॥ ८९ ॥
kṛṣṇeti dvyakṣaraḥ proktaḥ kāmādiḥ syāttrivarṇakaḥ | saiva ṅeṃto yugārṇaḥ syātkṛṣṇāya nama ityapi || 89 ||
“Kṛṣṇa” được tuyên nói là danh xưng hai âm tiết. Bīja bắt đầu bằng “kāma” gồm ba âm. Chính công thức ấy, khi kết thúc theo cách cách dative (đuôi ṅe), cũng trở thành thần chú hai từ: “kṛṣṇāya namaḥ” (kính lễ Kṛṣṇa).
Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on mantra/phonetics within Vedanga-Vyakarana framing)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: bhakti
It presents devotion in a technically precise way: the sacred name “Kṛṣṇa” and the salutation formula “kṛṣṇāya namaḥ” are treated as mantras whose power is preserved through correct phonetic and grammatical formation.
Bhakti here is expressed as nāma-japa and namaskāra—addressing the Lord directly in the dative (“unto Kṛṣṇa”) and offering reverent surrender (“namaḥ”), showing devotion grounded in proper mantra usage.
Vyākaraṇa and mantra-śāstra: it notes syllable/phoneme counting (akṣara/varṇa) and the use of the dative case ending (ṅe-ending, -āya) in forming a correct devotional mantra.