Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 122

The Exposition of the Krishna Mantra (Kṛṣṇa-mantra-prakāśa): Nyāsa, Dhyāna, Worship, Yantra, and Prayoga

Devanagari script

स्वकालविहितान् भूयः परिवारांश्च तर्पयेत् । प्रातर्द्दध्ना गुडाक्तेन मध्याह्ने पयसा पुनः ॥ १२२ ॥

Transliteration

svakālavihitān bhūyaḥ parivārāṃśca tarpayet | prātarddadhnā guḍāktena madhyāhne payasā punaḥ || 122 ||

Translation

Lại nữa, đúng theo thời khắc đã định cho từng phần, nên làm tarpaṇa (cúng rưới làm no đủ) cho các vị thần tùy tùng: buổi sáng dùng sữa chua trộn đường thốt nốt, và đến giữa trưa lại cúng bằng sữa.

Word by Word

• स्व-काल-विहितान्: prescribed for the proper time
• स्व-काल-विहितान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक) + विहित (कृदन्त; √धा (धातु) + वि + हित/क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘prescribed at one’s proper time’ (qualifying parivārān)

• भूयः: again
• भूयः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (पुनरर्थक adverb): ‘again/further’

• परिवारान्: the attendants/retinue
• परिवारान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिवार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘attendants/retinue (deities in the entourage)’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय conjunction): ‘and’

• तर्पयेत्: should satisfy (with offerings)
• तर्पयेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तृप्/√तर्प् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘should satisfy/offer libations’

• प्रातर्: in the morning
• प्रातर्: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातर् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (कालवाचक adverb): ‘in the morning’

• दध्ना: with curd
• दध्ना: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘with curd’

• गुड-आक्तेन: mixed with jaggery
• गुड-आक्तेन: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुड (प्रातिपदिक) + आक्त (कृदन्त; √अञ्ज् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘smeared/mixed with jaggery’ (qualifying दध्ना)

• मध्याह्ने: at midday
• मध्याह्ने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्याह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘at midday’

• पयसा: with milk
• पयसा: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘with milk’

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (पुनरर्थक adverb): ‘again’

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes strict adherence to proper timing (kāla) in ritual life: offerings done at the correct time and with suitable substances are considered orderly, sattvic, and effective for maintaining harmony with the associated deities and sacred rites.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While technical in tone, it frames devotion as disciplined service—honoring not only the principal deity but also the attendant aspects (parivāra) through timely, respectful offerings, cultivating steadiness and reverence.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights ritual application of kāla (proper timing) and dravya (appropriate offering substances)—a technical, Vedanga-aligned concern in procedural dharma: morning offerings with sweetened curd and midday offerings with milk.