Śreyas and Paramārtha: The Ribhu–Nidāgha Teaching on Non-Dual Self
Advaita
सितनीलादिभेदेन यथैकं दृश्यते नभः । भ्रांतदृष्टिभिरात्मापि तथैकः सन्पृथक् पृथक् ॥ ९० ॥
sitanīlādibhedena yathaikaṃ dṛśyate nabhaḥ | bhrāṃtadṛṣṭibhirātmāpi tathaikaḥ sanpṛthak pṛthak || 90 ||
Như bầu trời chỉ là một mà bị thấy thành khác biệt—trắng, xanh v.v.—cũng vậy, Tự Ngã tuy thật chỉ một, nhưng đối với kẻ mắt nhìn mê lầm lại hiện ra muôn vẻ, muôn hình.
Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
It teaches non-dual insight: the Self is one, but due to भ्रम (bhrānti, delusion) it is perceived as many—like the single sky seeming to have different colors.
By removing mistaken perception, devotion becomes purified: the devotee learns to see one divine Reality behind all names and forms, strengthening single-pointed bhakti rather than fragmented attachment.
No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana or Jyotisha) is taught here; the practical takeaway is viveka—discriminating between reality (one Atman) and appearance (many due to deluded vision).