Janaka’s Quest for Liberation; Pañcaśikha’s Sāṅkhya on Renunciation, Elements, Guṇas, and the Deathless State
द्रव्यत्यागे तु कर्माणि भोगत्यागे व्रतानि च । सुखत्यागा तपो योगं सर्वत्यागे समापना ॥ ६७ ॥
dravyatyāge tu karmāṇi bhogatyāge vratāni ca | sukhatyāgā tapo yogaṃ sarvatyāge samāpanā || 67 ||
Khi từ bỏ của cải, hãy hành trì các bổn phận theo pháp; khi từ bỏ dục lạc giác quan, hãy thọ trì các lời nguyện (vrata). Từ việc từ bỏ tiện nghi phát sinh khổ hạnh (tapas) và yoga; và trong sự ly xả trọn vẹn là sự thành tựu viên mãn.
Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Moksha-Dharma dialogue)
Vrata: none (generic 'vratāni' mentioned)
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: vira
It presents a graded map of sādhana: renouncing wealth refines karma, renouncing enjoyment refines vrata, renouncing comfort ripens into tapas and yoga, and complete tyāga brings the final culmination toward moksha.
By recommending progressive detachment, it protects bhakti from being weakened by possessions, pleasures, and comfort; vows and disciplined living become supports for single-pointed devotion and steadiness in remembrance.
Ritual discipline is implied through karmāṇi (nitya/naimittika duties) and vratāni (observances like fasting days and purificatory rules), emphasizing correct practice and regulated conduct rather than a technical Vedanga such as Vyākaraṇa.