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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 1

The Narration of the Trayodaśī Vow Observed Throughout the Twelve Months

Devanagari script

सनातन उवाच । अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि त्रयोदश्या व्रतानि ते । यानि कृत्वा नरो भक्त्या सुभगो जायते भुवि ॥ १ ॥

Transliteration

sanātana uvāca | athātaḥ saṃpravakṣyāmi trayodaśyā vratāni te | yāni kṛtvā naro bhaktyā subhago jāyate bhuvi || 1 ||

Translation

Sanātana nói: Nay ta sẽ giảng rõ các trai giới của ngày Trayodaśī (mồng mười ba âm lịch). Ai thực hành với lòng bhakti thì ở đời này được phúc lành, may mắn và thịnh vượng.

Word by Word
सनातनःSanātana
सनातनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसनातन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (sequence/beginning particle)
अतःthereafter/therefore
अतः:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/तस्मात्-अर्थ (therefore/from this)
संप्रवक्ष्यामिI shall explain fully
संप्रवक्ष्यामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + सम्+प्र (उपसर्ग)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular)
त्रयोदश्याःof the thirteenth (lunar day)
त्रयोदश्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)
व्रतानिvows/observances
व्रतानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive: 'your')
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
यानिwhich (vows)
यानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object of 'doing')
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural); सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
कृत्वाhaving done/observed
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकाल (prior action)
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
भक्त्याwith devotion
भक्त्या:
Karana (करण/Instrument; manner)
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)
सुभगःfortunate/auspicious
सुभगः:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानााधिकरण/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुभग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) of नरः
जायतेis born/becomes
जायते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
भुविon earth/in the world
भुवि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक: भुव्/भू)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
Speaker

Sanātana (one of the Sanatkumāra brothers)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Trayodaśī-vratāni (set of vows on the 13th lunar day)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities
S
Sanātana

FAQs

It introduces Trayodaśī vows as a bhakti-centered discipline, emphasizing that devotional observance of dharma brings auspiciousness and well-being in worldly life.

The verse explicitly links the fruit of the vows to bhakti—devotion is presented as the essential inner attitude that makes ritual observance spiritually effective.

It highlights calendrical and ritual precision through tithi-based practice (Trayodaśī), aligning observances with lunar time-reckoning used in dharma and vrata procedures.

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