Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 20

The Account of the Third-day Vow Observed through the Twelve Months

Tṛtīyā-vrata

Devanagari script

प्रियेर्वाक्यैर्भृशं प्रीता नारी सौभाग्यवांछया । समुपास्य व्रतं चैतद्धनधान्यसमन्विता ॥ २० ॥

Transliteration

priyervākyairbhṛśaṃ prītā nārī saubhāgyavāṃchayā | samupāsya vrataṃ caitaddhanadhānyasamanvitā || 20 ||

Translation

Vui mừng khôn xiết trước lời của người chồng yêu dấu, người phụ nữ—mong cầu phúc lộc—nên cung kính giữ trọn lời nguyện (vrata) này; rồi nàng sẽ được đầy đủ của cải và lương thực dồi dào.

Word by Word

• priyeḥ: of (her) beloved/husband
• priyeḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• vākyaiḥ: with words/speeches
• vākyaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• bhṛśam: greatly
• bhṛśam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: greatly/exceedingly)

• prītā: pleased
• prītā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prīta (कृदन्त; √prī धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• nārī: a woman
• nārī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• saubhāgya-vāṃchayā: with the desire for good fortune
• saubhāgya-vāṃchayā: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saubhāgya (प्रातिपदिक) + vāṃchā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (desire for good fortune)

• samupāsya: having duly worshipped
• samupāsya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-ās (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), ‘having worshipped/served’

• vratam: the vow
• vratam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• etat: this
• etat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun) used adjectivally; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• dhana-dhānya-samanvitā: endowed with wealth and grain
• dhana-dhānya-samanvitā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhana (प्रातिपदिक) + dhānya (प्रातिपदिक) + samanvita (कृदन्त; √anv-i धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समास: धनधान्य-तत्पुरुष (wealth and grain) + ‘samanvitā’ (endowed)

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none (this verse refers to 'this vow' without naming it)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shringara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It presents vrata-upāsanā as a dharmic discipline that aligns intention (saubhāgya) with right observance, yielding both inner auspiciousness and outer stability in life.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By framing the vow as “samupāsya” (to be practiced with worshipful attention), it implies devotion expressed through disciplined observance, gratitude, and faith in dharmic results.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual application is implied: proper vrata-vidhi (procedure and timing) and sankalpa (intent) are central—areas traditionally supported by Kalpa (ritual practice) and Jyotiṣa (auspicious timing).