Shloka 52

Adhyaya 82 — The Rise of Mahishasura and the Manifestation of the Goddess from the Gods’ Tejas

Sanskrit

सोऽपि क्रुद्धो धुतसटो देव्याः वाहनकेशरी ।

चचारासुरसैन्येषु वनेष्विव हुताशनः ॥

Transliteration

so 'pi kruddho dhutasaṭo devyā vāhanakeśarī / cacārāsurasainyeṣu vaneṣviva hutāśanaḥ

Translation

Và sư tử làm vật cưỡi của Ngài—nổi giận, rung bờm—đã xông lướt qua các đạo quân asura như ngọn lửa rực cháy lan qua rừng thẳm.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• क्रुद्धः: angered
• क्रुद्धः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kruddha (√krudh) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• धुत-सटः: shaking his mane
• धुत-सटः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhuta (√dhū) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + saṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• देव्याः: of the Goddess
• देव्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• वाहन-केशरी: the lion (as her mount)
• वाहन-केशरी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhana (प्रातिपदिक) + keśarī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• चचार: roamed/moved about
• चचार: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √car (चर्) (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• असुर-सैन्येषु: among the demon armies
• असुर-सैन्येषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asura (प्रातिपदिक) + sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• वनेषु: in forests
• वनेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• इव: as if/like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle)

• हुताशनः: fire
• हुताशनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hutāśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice within Devi Mahatmyam

Primary Deities

• Devi (Ambika/Chandika)
• Lion mount (Siṃha/Keśarī)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi as Durga-like form with lion mount (vāhana-keśarī)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Vahana symbolism
• Destruction of adharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Goddess’s vahana participates in dharma-restoration: courage and righteous ferocity are not separate from the divine but are instruments when governed by higher purpose.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

An ākhyāna detail within the Devi cycle; not one of the five characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The lion signifies sovereign will and fearless discernment. Fire in a forest suggests purgation: adharma is ‘burnt out’ when confronted by awakened power.