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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 8, Shloka 126

Adhyaya 8 — Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

Sanskrit

तदीयमाल्यसंश्लेषकृतमस्तक मण्डनः ।

न रात्रौ न दिवा शेते हा हेति प्रवदन् मुहुः ॥

Transliteration

tadīya-mālya-saṃśleṣa-kṛta-mastaka-maṇḍanaḥ / na rātrau na divā śete hā heti pravadan muhuḥ

Translation

Đầu ông được trang sức bằng những vòng hoa của họ (những người chết), và ông không ngủ cả đêm lẫn ngày, cứ lặp đi lặp lại tiếng kêu: “Than ôi! Than ôi!”

Word by Word
तदीयhis/that one's
तदीय:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootतदीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Neuter, Genitive Singular (compound member); ‘belonging to him/that’
माल्यgarland
माल्य:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootमाल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular (compound member)
संश्लेषcontact, fastening
संश्लेष:
करण (Instrument/करण) (internal)
TypeNoun
Rootसंश्लेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे तृतीया-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (means within compound)
कृतmade, done
कृत:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृदन्त; √कृ)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग); क्त — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular (compound member)
मस्तकof the head
मस्तक:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमस्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Neuter, Genitive Singular (compound member)
मण्डनःornament, decoration
मण्डनः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् — Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
नnot
न:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (particle of negation) — Negation particle
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे सप्तमी-एकवचनम् — Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
नnot
न:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय — Negation particle
दिवाby day, in daytime
दिवा:
कालाधिकरण (Time locus)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिवा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time) — Temporal adverb
शेतेlies down, sleeps
शेते:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√शी (धातु)
Formलट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम् — Present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle voice
हाalas!
हा:
सम्बोधन/उद्गार (Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा (अव्यय)
Formउद्गार-अव्यय (interjection) — Exclamation
हेoh!
हे:
सम्बोधन/उद्गार (Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहे (अव्यय)
Formउद्गार-अव्यय (interjection) — Exclamation
इतिthus
इति:
वाक्यसूचक (Quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle) — Quotation marker
प्रवदन्saying, uttering
प्रवदन्:
कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता) (participial)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवदन् (कृदन्त; √वद्)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् — Present active participle; Masculine, Nominative Singular
मुहुःagain and again, repeatedly
मुहुः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb) — Adverb of frequency
Speakers
Narrative voice within Markandeya Purana (frame-speakers not identifiable from excerpt alone)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaPsychological torment as karmaphalaDeath-ritual boundary crossing

FAQs

Unresolved grief and wrongdoing are portrayed as insomnia and compulsive lament. The text suggests that violating boundaries around the dead rebounds into mental unrest.

Carita used for dharma-instruction; not a direct instance of the five cosmological markers.

Garlands of the dead represent identification with mortality; the inability to sleep signifies a mind trapped between worlds (neither worldly enjoyment nor true renunciation).

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