Shloka 5

Adhyaya 78 — Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

Sanskrit

इदं स्तोत्रवरं रम्यं श्रोतव्यं श्रद्धया नरैः । शिष्यॊ भूत्वा समाधिस्थो दत्त्वा देयं गुरोरपि ॥

Transliteration

idaṃ stotravaraṃ ramyaṃ śrotavyaṃ śraddhayā naraiḥ / śiṣyo bhūtvā samādhistho dattvā deyaṃ gurorapi

Translation

Thánh tụng ưu diệu và khả ái này nên được người có tín tâm lắng nghe. Trở thành đệ tử, an trú trong sự nhiếp tâm (samādhi), và đã dâng cúng những gì cần dâng lên bậc thầy—khi ấy mới nên thọ nhận (và truyền trao).

Word by Word

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन

• stotra-varam: the excellent hymn
• stotra-varam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: stotra (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (‘excellent hymn’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ramyam: beautiful
• ramyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying stotra-varam)

• śrotavyam: should be listened to
• śrotavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया; obligation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु) + tavya (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (Gerundive/तव्यत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate) ‘to be heard’

• śraddhayā: with faith
• śraddhayā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śraddhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन

• naraiḥ: by men/people
• naraiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd), बहुवचन

• śiṣyaḥ: a disciple
• śiṣyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन

• bhūtvā: having become
• bhūtvā: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययवत्; पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)

• samādhi-sthaḥ: abiding in samādhi
• samādhi-sthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (कृदन्त; स्था धातु)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (‘standing in samādhi’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of śiṣyaḥ)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययवत्; पूर्वक्रिया

• deyam: (what is) to be given (a gift)
• deyam: Karma (कर्म; thing to be given)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) + ya (कृत्-प्रत्यय; यत्/य)
• Form: कृदन्त (Gerundive; ‘to be given’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय

• guroḥ: of the teacher
• guroḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Genitive/Ablative, 6th/5th), एकवचन; अत्र षष्ठी (of the guru)

• api: also
• api: Avyaya (अव्यय/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)

Speakers

• Textual injunction within the hymn context (presented as part of the stuti passage)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Supreme praised deity (contextual)

Key Themes

• Śraddhā (faith)
• Guru-śiṣya discipline
• Ritual propriety (dakṣiṇā/offerings)
• Transmission of sacred text

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sacred knowledge is not treated as casual information: it requires humility (discipleship), inner steadiness (samādhi-like attention), and ethical reciprocity (honoring the teacher).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Falls under Dharma/Ācāra (right conduct) rather than cosmological enumeration; it regulates how Purāṇic/Vedic praise is to be approached and preserved.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘guru’ principle can be read inwardly as the guiding intelligence (antar-guru). ‘Samādhi-stha’ suggests that the hymn bears fruit when heard with one-pointed awareness, not merely as sound.