Shloka 39

Adhyaya 76 — Hymn to the Goddess

Sanskrit

चैत्रमानीय तनयं राज्ययोग्यं चकार सः ।

सम्मान्य ब्राह्मणं येन पुत्रबुद्ध्या स पालितः ॥

Transliteration

caitramānīya tanayaṃ rājyayogyaṃ cakāra saḥ / saṃmānya brāhmaṇaṃ yena putrabuddhyā sa pālitaḥ

Translation

“Sau khi đưa Caitra, người con trai, về, ông khiến cậu xứng hợp với ngôi vương; và ông tôn kính vị bà-la-môn đã nuôi dưỡng cậu, với ý nghĩ: ‘Nó là con ta.’”

Word by Word

• caitram: Caitra
• caitram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; proper name

• ānīya: having brought
• ānīya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-nī (आ + नी धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्) form; 'having brought'

• tanayam: (as) a son
• tanayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tanaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• rājya-yogyam: fit for kingship
• rājya-yogyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rājya-yogya (प्रातिपदिक; components: rājya + yogya)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies tanayam/caitram

• cakāra: made
• cakāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa 3rd person, Singular

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• saṃmānya: having honored
• saṃmānya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-mān (सम् + मान् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्); 'having honored'

• brāhmaṇam: the brāhmaṇa
• brāhmaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• yena: by whom / through whom
• yena: Karaṇa (करण) / Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; relative pronoun

• putra-buddhyā: with the notion (that he was) a son
• putra-buddhyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra-buddhi (प्रातिपदिक; components: putra + buddhi)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• pālitaḥ: was protected/raised
• pālitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) / Karmabhūta-kartṛ (कर्मभूत-कर्तृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pāl (पाल् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त); Masculine, Nominative, Singular; passive sense

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Rājadharma (succession)
• Gratitude and honoring brāhmaṇas
• Legitimacy and social order

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Detachment does not negate gratitude: the caretaker-brāhmaṇa is honored. Likewise, rightful succession is ensured—showing dharma as both inner (vairāgya) and outer (social order).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Closest to vaṃśānucarita-style royal narrative (though not a full dynasty list), used to convey dharma through exemplary action.

What is the esoteric significance?

Installing the heir symbolizes restoring ‘dharma’s axis’ in the polity, allowing the renunciate path to proceed without karmic entanglement in disorder.