Shloka 8

Adhyaya 73 — The Uttama Manvantara: Classes of Devas, Indra Sushanti, and the Royal Lineage

Sanskrit

यस्योपसर्गनाशाय नामाक्षरविभूषिता ।

अद्यापि मानवैर्गाथा गीयते तु महीतले ॥

Transliteration

yasyopasarganāśāya nāmākṣaravibhūṣitā | adyāpi mānavair gāthā gīyate tu mahītale ||

Translation

Được điểm trang bằng những âm tiết của danh hiệu ngài, một bài gāthā (kệ tán thán) có năng lực tiêu trừ tai ách vẫn được loài người trên mặt đất ca tụng cho đến ngày nay.

Word by Word

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• उपसर्गनाशाय: for the destruction of calamities/afflictions
• उपसर्गनाशाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपसर्ग + नाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (उपसर्गस्य नाशः)

• नामाक्षरविभूषिता: adorned with the syllables of the name
• नामाक्षरविभूषिता: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाम + अक्षर + विभूषित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from वि+भूष्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि क्त (PPP) ‘adorned’; तत्पुरुष-समासः (नामाक्षरैः विभूषिता)

• अद्यापि: even today
• अद्यापि: Kala (काल/Time adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य + अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय-समुच्चय (adverbial phrase) — ‘even today/still now’

• मानवैः: by humans
• मानवैः: Karana (करण/Agent-instrument in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• गाथा: a song/verse
• गाथा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गीयते: is sung
• गीयते: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (passive sense) — ‘is sung’

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (particle) — contrast/emphasis

• महीतले: on the surface of the earth
• महीतले: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (महीतलम् = पृथिव्याः तलम्)

Speakers

• Puranic narrator

Primary Deities

• Indra (Suśānti)

Key Themes

• Protective recitation
• Tradition/Smṛti
• Ritual efficacy

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Memory and recitation preserve dharma: the community’s continued singing of a protective gāthā shows how sacred history becomes living practice aimed at alleviating suffering.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara (with ancillary ritual practice): it arises within the Manvantara account and highlights how such accounts generate ongoing religious observances.

What is the esoteric significance?

The emphasis on ‘syllables of the name’ reflects nāma-śakti: sound as a carrier of power, where ordered phonemes are treated as a vehicle for warding off disorder (upasarga).