Shloka 18

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

कलहंसि ! पतिर्धन्यो मम धन्याहमेव च ।

यस्यैकस्याञ्चिरं चित्तं यस्याश्चैकत्र संस्थितम् ॥

Transliteration

kalahaṃsi! patir dhanyo mama dhanyāham eva ca |

yasyaikasyāñ ciraṃ cittaṃ yasyāś caikatra saṃsthitam ||

Translation

Ôi hạc cái! Chồng ta thật phúc lành, và ta cũng phúc lành—tâm trí chàng lâu bền chỉ gắn nơi một người, và tâm trí nàng cũng an trụ một chỗ (nơi chàng).

Word by Word

• kalahaṃsi: O she-goose (term of address)
• kalahaṃsi: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kalahaṃsī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• patiḥ: husband
• patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• dhanyaḥ: fortunate/blessed
• dhanyaḥ: Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधाना-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhanya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Gen.), एकवचन; अस्मद्-शब्द (1st person pronoun)

• dhanyā: fortunate/blessed
• dhanyā: Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधाना-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन; अस्मद्-शब्द

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (Gen.), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम

• ekasyām: in one (woman)
• ekasyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc.), एकवचन; विशेषण (understood: 'in one [woman]')

• ciram: for a long time
• ciram: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• cittam: mind
• cittam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• yasyāḥ: whose (woman's)
• yasyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Gen.), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• ekatra: in one place/together
• ekatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ekatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place: 'in one place/together')

• saṃsthitam: is fixed/settled
• saṃsthitam: Pradhāna (प्रधाना/predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃsthita (प्रातिपदिक; sam-√sthā (स्था धातु) से क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP)

Speakers

• A female swan addressing another (‘kalahaṃsī’) within an illustrative sub-narrative

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Marital fidelity
• Ekaniṣṭhā (single-pointedness)
• Virtue ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Mutual exclusivity and steadiness of mind are praised as the basis of a flourishing household: fortune is defined as reciprocal commitment, not abundance of options.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not pañcalakṣaṇa; it is ācāra-dharma expressed through exemplum (illustrative animal speech).

What is the esoteric significance?

The swan motif often connotes discernment; here it also encodes the yogic virtue of steadiness—when desire is one-pointed and reciprocal, agitation subsides.