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Shloka 20

Adhyaya 56The Descent and Fourfold Course of the Ganga; Jambudvipa’s Varshas and Their Conditions

वसन्ति तेषु सर्वेषु प्रजाः किंपुरुषादिषु ।

सुखप्राया निरातङ्का न्यूनतोत्कर्षवर्जिताः ॥

vasanti teṣu sarveṣu prajāḥ kiṃpuruṣādiṣu | sukhaprāyā nirātaṅkā nyūnatotkarṣavarjitāḥ ||

Trong tất cả các xứ ấy, giữa các Kimpuruṣa và những nhóm khác, dân chúng phần nhiều an cư trong hạnh phúc, không bị khổ não, và không có những điều kiện thấp kém hay cao sang.

vasantilive / dwell
vasanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vas (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
teṣuin those
teṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → teṣu
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural
sarveṣuin all
sarveṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th), Plural; adjective qualifying teṣu
prajāḥpeople / subjects
prajāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural
kiṃpuruṣādiṣuin Kiṃpuruṣa and the other (regions)
kiṃpuruṣādiṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkiṃpuruṣa + ādi (प्रातिपदिक); compound: kiṃpuruṣa-ādi
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Plural; 'among Kiṃpuruṣa etc.' (varṣa-names)
sukhaprāyāḥmostly happy
sukhaprāyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha + prāya (प्रातिपदिक); compound: sukha-prāya
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; adjective qualifying prajāḥ
nirātaṅkāḥfree from fear/affliction
nirātaṅkāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-ātaṅka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; adjective qualifying prajāḥ
nyūnata-utkarṣa-varjitāḥdevoid of inferiority and superiority (no deficiency/excess)
nyūnata-utkarṣa-varjitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnyūnatā + utkarṣa + varjita (प्रातिपदिक); compound: nyūnatā-utkarṣa-varjita
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; adjective qualifying prajāḥ; varjita = 'devoid of'
Purāṇic narrator; descriptive anthropology within cosmic geography

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Mythic anthropologyUtopian regionsCosmology

FAQs

The verse presents an ideal of social existence without hierarchical ‘lack’ or ‘excess’; it gestures toward a dharmic harmony where suffering and social comparison are minimized.

It remains within bhū-varṇana, adding ethnographic notes about the inhabitants of cosmic regions.

Freedom from ‘inferiority and superiority’ can be read as a symbolic state beyond dualistic self-measurement—an inward liberation mirrored as an outward utopia.