Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 56

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

महादेवप्रसादेन महेश्वरमतेन च ।

सर्व एते नृणां नित्यं तुष्टिमाशु व्रजन्तु ते ॥

Transliteration

mahādeva-prasādena maheśvara-matena ca |

sarva ete nṛṇāṃ nityaṃ tuṣṭim āśu vrajantu te ||

Translation

Nhờ ân điển của Mahādeva và theo thánh lệnh của Maheśvara, nguyện tất cả các hữu thể ấy mau chóng, thường hằng, đạt sự thỏa mãn đối với loài người.

Word by Word

• mahādeva-prasādena: by the grace of Mahādeva
• mahādeva-prasādena: Hetu/Kāraṇa (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahādeva (प्रातिपदिक) + prasāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (mahādevasya prasādaḥ)

• maheśvara-matena: by the opinion/command of Maheśvara
• maheśvara-matena: Hetu/Kāraṇa (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maheśvara (प्रातिपदिक) + mata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (maheśvarasya matam)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय)

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural; demonstrative pronoun

• nṛṇām: of men/people
• nṛṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kāla (कालाधिकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nityam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय) meaning ‘always/constantly’

• tuṣṭim: satisfaction
• tuṣṭim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tuṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• āśu: quickly
• āśu: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: āśu (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (शीघ्रार्थक अव्यय)

• vrajantu: let them go/attain
• vrajantu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vraj (व्रज्, धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (आज्ञार्थ), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Plural; parasmaipada

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural; pronoun used appositionally

Speakers

• Instructional prayer voice (speaker not specified in excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Śiva (Mahādeva/Maheśvara)

Key Themes

• Śaiva authority
• Grace (prasāda)
• Appeasement of spirits/hosts
• Protection of humans

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual efficacy is grounded in divine sanction: the pacification is not merely transactional but placed under the umbrella of īśvara-prasāda (grace), reinforcing humility and dependence on higher order.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma and sectarian framing (Śaiva). Ancillary to the five classical Purāṇic topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Mahādeva symbolizes the transcendent regulator of liminal forces (bhūtas/gaṇas). Appeasement ‘according to Maheśvara’s ordinance’ implies bringing chaotic energies back under cosmic governance.