Shloka 64

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

पूज्यन्ते हव्यकव्याभ्यां देवताः पितरस्तथा ।

यामयोऽतिथयश्चापि तद्गेहं यक्ष वर्जय ॥

Transliteration

pūjyante havyakavyābhyāṃ devatāḥ pitaras tathā | yāmayo 'tithayaś cāpi tad gehaṃ yakṣa varjaya ||

Translation

Hỡi Yakṣa, hãy tránh ngôi nhà nơi chư thiên và tổ tiên được tôn kính đúng nghi bằng lễ vật havya và kavya, và nơi khách được tiếp nhận đúng phép, cùng cả người khốn khổ cũng được chăm nom.

Word by Word

• pūjyante: are worshipped
• pūjyante: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pūj (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथम/3rd person), Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Passive sense (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• havyakavyābhyām: with offerings to gods and ancestors (havya & kavya)
• havyakavyābhyām: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: havya (प्रातिपदिक) + kavya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Dual (द्विवचन); dvandva 'havya and kavya'

• devatāḥ: deities
• devatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pitaraḥ: ancestors, fathers
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tathā: and also
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction/adverb

• yāmayaḥ: guests/wayfarers (yāmaya)
• yāmayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāmaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• atithayaḥ: guests
• atithayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atithi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• api: also, even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• geham: house
• geham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: geha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• yakṣa: O Yakṣa
• yakṣa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• varjaya: avoid
• varjaya: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛj (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (मध्यम/2nd person), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

Speakers

• Unspecified in input; direct address to Yakṣa

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devatāḥ (general)
• Pitaraḥ (ancestors)

Key Themes

• Pañca-mahāyajña ethos
• Pitṛ-pūjā
• Hospitality (atithi-satkāra)
• Household protection through rites

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A home that maintains deva- and pitṛ-obligations and practices hospitality is considered ritually sealed and ethically luminous; such a place should not be disturbed. Dharma is expressed as both rite (offerings) and compassion (care for guests/afflicted).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Applied dharma instruction; not a core pancalakṣaṇa category, though it supports the Purāṇic aim of teaching right living.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Havya-kavya’ represent upward and downward currents of obligation (to devas and ancestors). When both are balanced, the household becomes harmonized across visible and invisible relations, limiting disruptive ingress.