Shloka 39

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

स सर्वान् खादितुं सृष्टो ब्रह्मणा तमसो निधिः ।

दंष्ट्राकरालमत्यर्थं विवृतास्यं सुभैरवम् ॥

Transliteration

sa sarvān khādituṃ sṛṣṭo brahmaṇā tamaso nidhiḥ | daṃṣṭrākarālamatyarthaṃ vivṛtāsyaṃ subhairavam ||

Translation

Hắn được Brahmā tạo ra để nuốt chửng tất cả—một kho tàng của bóng tối (tamas). Đáng sợ với những nanh vuốt ghê rợn, miệng há rộng, hắn vô cùng kinh khiếp.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (pronoun)

• सर्वान्: all (beings)
• सर्वान्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/Accusative), बहुवचन

• खादितुम्: to devour
• खादितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √khād (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), “to eat/devour”

• सृष्टः: created
• सृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective of सः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √सृज् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ब्रह्मणा: by Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणा: Karana (करण/instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/Instrumental), एकवचन

• तमसः: of darkness
• तमसः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tamas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• निधिः: store/treasure; repository
• निधिः: Karta (कर्ता; apposition to सः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दंष्ट्रा-करालम्: terrible with fangs
• दंष्ट्रा-करालम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daṃṣṭrā + karāla (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (दंष्ट्राभिः करालम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (agreeing with implied रूपम्/स्वरूपम्)

• अति-अर्थम्: excessively, exceedingly
• अति-अर्थम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ati + artha (अव्यय + प्रातिपदिक; अव्ययीभाव)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय (adverb)

• विवृत-आस्यम्: with gaping mouth
• विवृत-आस्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vivṛta + āsya (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (विवृतम् आस्यम् यस्य/विवृतास्य); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (agreeing with implied रूपम्)

• सु-भैरवम्: very dreadful
• सु-भैरवम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + bhairava (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (सु + भैरव); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (agreeing with implied रूपम्)

Speakers

• Narrative voice

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Guṇas (tamas)
• Cosmic governance
• Moral allegory
• Fear as deterrent

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text frames destructive appetite as an instrument under cosmic order: even ‘devouring’ forces are created with a purpose. Ethically, it cautions that unchecked craving becomes all-consuming and dehumanizing.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

A didactic micro-sarga (creation of a specific being) used to teach dharma and the management of guṇas; not a genealogical (vaṃśa) or manvantara passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Storehouse of tamas’ suggests a psychic archetype: when tamas accumulates, it manifests as devouring compulsion. The gaping mouth signifies insatiability—desire that cannot be filled by objects.