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Shloka 36

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

कृत्रिमं च तथा दुर्गं मित्वा मित्वात्मनोऽङ्गुलैः ।

मानार्थानि प्रमाणानि तास् तु पूर्वं प्रचक्रिरे ॥

kṛtrimaṃ ca tathā durgaṃ mitvā mitvātmano 'ṅgulaiḥ | mānārthāni pramāṇāni tās tu pūrvaṃ pracakrire ||

Cũng vậy, sau khi đo đạc các pháo đài nhân tạo bằng cách lấy chính ngón tay mình làm thước, họ lần đầu tiên đặt ra các chuẩn mực đo lường (pramāṇa) nhằm định lượng.

कृत्रिमम्artificial
कृत्रिमम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्रिम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); qualifying दुर्गम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय)
दुर्गम्a fort / stronghold
दुर्गम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
मित्वाhaving measured
मित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Root√मा (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), 'having measured'
मित्वाhaving measured (again)
मित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Root√मा (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), repetition for emphasis
आत्मनःof themselves
आत्मनः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
अङ्गुलैःwith fingers
अङ्गुलैः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गुलि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
मानार्थानिfor measurement purposes
मानार्थानि:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमान + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) qualifying प्रमाणानि; तत्पुरुष: मानस्य अर्थः → 'for measuring'
प्रमाणानिmeasures / standards
प्रमाणानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
ताःthey (those women)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (अव्यय)
पूर्वम्formerly / at first
पूर्वम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषण)
प्रचक्रिरेthey fashioned / they made
प्रचक्रिरे:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √कृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
Narrative voice within didactic exposition

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

StandardizationTechnology and societyMeasurement systemsBuilt environment

FAQs

Measurement and standardization arise with construction, ownership, and defense—tools of order that also reflect a shift from trust in natural provision to controlled management.

Manvantara/yuga social evolution: the emergence of arts, crafts, and institutions within an age’s unfolding.

‘Measuring by one’s own fingers’ suggests the ego making itself the yardstick; as inner harmony declines, reality is increasingly ‘reduced to measure’ and controlled.