Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 33

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

वृक्षांस् ताः पर्यगृह्णन्त ममत्वाविष्टचेतसः ।

नेशुस् तेनापचारेण तेऽपि तासां महीरुहाः ॥

vṛkṣāṃs tāḥ paryagṛhṇanta mamatvāviṣṭa-cetasaḥ | neśus tenāpacāreṇa te 'pi tāsāṃ mahīruhāḥ ||

Tâm trí bị ý niệm “của ta” chiếm giữ, họ bắt đầu chiếm đoạt những cây ấy. Và các đại thụ kia, phẫn uất vì hành vi sai trái đó, cũng cất tiếng kêu lên (phản đối).

वृक्षान्trees
वृक्षान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
ताःthey (those women)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
पर्यगृह्णन्तthey seized / took possession of
पर्यगृह्णन्त:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + √ग्रह् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); prefix परि
ममत्वाविष्टचेतसःwhose minds were possessed by possessiveness
ममत्वाविष्टचेतसः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootममत्व + आविष्ट + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक; √विश् (धातु) + क्त)
FormBahuvrīhi compound; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) agreeing with ताः; components: ममत्व (sense of 'mine-ness') + आविष्ट (possessed/entered) + चेतस् (mind)
नेशुःthey perished
नेशुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√नश् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
तेनby that
तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
अपचारेणby the misconduct / offense
अपचारेण:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअपचार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
FormParticle (समुच्चय/अपि)
तासाम्of them
तासाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
महीरुहाःtrees
महीरुहाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहीरुह (प्रातिपदिक; मही + रुह)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); तत्पुरुष: मह्याम् रुहः → 'earth-growing'
Narrative voice within didactic exposition

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Property and possessivenessEthics of appropriationNature as sentient witness

FAQs

The moral pivot is mamatva: possessiveness turns shared gifts into contested property; the ‘cry’ of the trees functions as a dharmic critique of exploitation.

Manvantara/yuga ethics narrative—how adharma begins through psychological appropriation.

Nature ‘voicing’ pain externalizes conscience: the world reflects the moral state of beings; when dharma is violated, the environment becomes adversarial.