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Shloka 31

Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

Sanskrit

तैश्च संयतिभिर्भाव्यं यश्च श्राद्धं करिष्यति ।

श्राद्धं दत्त्वा च भुक्त्वा च मैथुनं योऽनुगच्छति ॥

Transliteration

taiśca saṃyatibhirbhāvyaṃ yaśca śrāddhaṃ kariṣyati | śrāddhaṃ dattvā ca bhuktvā ca maithunaṃ yo 'nugacchati ||

Translation

Cả những vị (Bà-la-môn) ấy lẫn người cử hành śrāddha đều phải giữ sự tiết chế. Ai sau khi dâng śrāddha và sau khi đã thọ thực mà còn giao hợp thì mắc lỗi (được nêu trong các câu tiếp theo).

Word by Word
तैःby them/with them
तैः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental plural; ‘by/with them’
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
संयतिभिःwith self-restraint
संयतिभिः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसंयति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन — Feminine, Instrumental plural; ‘with restraints/self-control’
भाव्यम्should be done/observed
भाव्यम्:
विधेय (Predicate/obligation)
TypeAdjective
Root√भू (धातु) + भाव्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कृदन्त: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive) — Neuter, Nominative singular; ‘is to be done/should be’ (impersonal obligation)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative singular; relative pronoun ‘who’
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
करिष्यतिwill perform
करिष्यति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — Future 3rd sg; ‘will do/perform’
श्राद्धम्śrāddha
श्राद्धम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
दत्त्वाhaving given (offerings)
दत्त्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) — having given
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
भुक्त्वाhaving eaten
भुक्त्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√भुज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) — having eaten
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
मैथुनम्sexual intercourse
मैथुनम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमैथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative singular; ‘who’
अनुगच्छतिengages in/follows
अनुगच्छति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√गम् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — Present 3rd sg; ‘follows/engages in’
Speakers
Didactic narrator within the Purāṇic discourse (Śrāddha injunctions; frame-speaker not explicit in the given excerpt)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaPitṛ PūjāŚrāddhaBrahmacarya/continenceKarmic consequence

FAQs

The rite demands a temporary sacral discipline: sense-restraint protects the intention of honoring the ancestors and prevents the performer from collapsing the ritual mood into ordinary gratification.

Ācāra/dharma instruction; it regulates the performer’s conduct around pitṛ rites.

Śrāddha is treated as a ‘liminal’ time where personal energies are redirected toward subtle offerings; sexual activity is depicted as diverting or contaminating that redirected current.

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