Shloka 65

Adhyaya 3 — The Dharmapakshis’ Past-Life Curse and Indra’s Test of Truthfulness

Sanskrit

यदा तु सर्वद्वाराणि विवृतानि स मुञ्चति ।

रागो नाम तदा शत्रुर्नेत्रादिद्वारमृच्छति ॥

Transliteration

yadā tu sarvadvārāṇi vivṛtāni sa muñcati /

rāgo nāma tadā śatrur netrādi-dvāram ṛcchati

Translation

Nhưng khi người ấy để mọi cổng (của các căn) mở toang, thì kẻ thù mang tên “ái luyến” đi vào qua cổng mắt và các cửa căn khác.

Word by Word

• yadā: when
• yadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• sarva-dvārāṇi: all the doors/gates
• sarva-dvārāṇi: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; कर्मधारयः (‘all’ qualifying ‘doors’)

• vivṛtāni: opened
• vivṛtāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√vṛ (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; agrees with dvārāṇi

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun

• muñcati: releases/lets go
• muñcati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √muc (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

• rāgaḥ: attachment/passion
• rāgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• nāma: named/called
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Appositive marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) used for naming/‘called’

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• śatruḥ: enemy
• śatruḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; in apposition to rāgaḥ

• netra-ādi-dvāram: the door of the eye etc. (sense-gates)
• netra-ādi-dvāram: Karma (कर्म/Object; goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: netra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः (‘door such as the eye’, ādi = ‘etc.’)

• ṛcchati: enters/approaches
• ṛcchati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ṛ (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

Speakers

• Not determinable from the single-verse excerpt (likely a didactic narrator/teacher voice in early Markandeya Purana)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Self-control (indriya-nigraha)
• Ethics
• Inner enemies (rāga as śatru)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Unchecked sensory openness becomes the entry-point for rāga (attachment), which is treated as an internal ‘enemy.’ The ethical instruction is vigilance: guarding the senses prevents passion from taking possession of the mind and steering conduct away from dharma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse is not primarily sarga/pratisarga/vaṁśa/manvantara/vaṁśānucarita; it belongs to ancillary dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) commonly embedded in Purāṇas alongside the five characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘doors’ symbolize the indriyas as thresholds between consciousness and objects. ‘Rāga’ personified as a foe indicates that bondage is not imposed from outside but enters through perception when awareness is unguarded; the eyes are singled out as a chief portal for desire, with the other senses implied.