Shloka 13
Adhyaya 27 — Madālasa’s Instruction to King Alarka: Royal Ethics, Self-Conquest, and Statecraft
कामः क्रोधश्च लोभश्च मदो मानस्तथैव च ।
हर्षश्च शत्रवो ह्येते विनाशाय महीभृताम् ॥
kāmaḥ krodhaś ca lobhaś ca mado mānas tathaiva ca /
harṣaś ca śatravo hy ete vināśāya mahībhṛtām
Dục vọng, sân hận, tham lam, mê say (ảo tưởng kiêu mạn), kiêu ngạo, và cả sự hân hoan quá độ—đó thật là những kẻ thù, đem tai họa đến cho các bậc quân vương.
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FAQs
The greatest threats to leadership are affective extremes: not only lust, anger, and greed, but also arrogance, pride, and even unrestrained delight—because they distort judgment and justice.
Ancillary ethical teaching; not pancalakṣaṇa.
These ‘enemies’ correspond to recurring mental waves (vṛttis) that dethrone discernment (viveka). The inclusion of harṣa highlights that attachment to pleasure is as binding as aversion.