Shloka 12

Adhyaya 24 — Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

Sanskrit

तद्वयं त्वत्प्रसादेन धनरत्नादिसञ्चयान् ।

पितृमुक्तान् प्रयच्छामः कामतो नित्यमर्थिनाम् ॥

Transliteration

tad vayaṃ tvatprasādena dhana-ratnādi-sañcayān |

pitṛmuktān prayacchāmaḥ kāmato nityam arthinām ||

Translation

Vì vậy, nhờ ân huệ của ngài, chúng tôi sẽ ban—đúng theo ước nguyện và luôn luôn cho những ai cầu xin—những kho tàng của cải, châu báu và các vật tương tự, được xuất ra để bố thí với sự chuẩn thuận của phụ vương chúng tôi.

Word by Word

• tat: that (thing)
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vayam: we
• vayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), First person pronoun, Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tvat-prasādena: by your grace
• tvat-prasādena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvat (प्रातिपदिक) + prasāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘tava prasādaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dhana-ratna-ādi-sañcayān: collections of wealth, jewels, etc.
• dhana-ratna-ādi-sañcayān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhana (प्रातिपदिक) + ratna (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + sañcaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: dhana-ratna-ādi (enumerative qualifier) + sañcaya; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pitṛ-muktān: released by (our) fathers/ancestors
• pitṛ-muktān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + mukta (कृदन्त; √muc)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘pitṛṇāṃ muktāḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• prayacchāmaḥ: we give/bestow
• prayacchāmaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√yam (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Uttama-puruṣa (उत्तमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kāmataḥ: as desired; at will
• kāmataḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverbial ablative sense (तसिल्-प्रत्ययार्थ)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb

• arthinām: of the supplicants/seekers
• arthinām: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arthin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speakers

• Same speaker-stream as vv.7–13 (a party expressing intent to give boons); v.14 then marks Jāḍa speaking

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dāna (generosity)
• Boon-giving
• Authority of elders

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even generosity is framed as disciplined and sanctioned: giving is enabled by grace (prasāda) and regulated by elder authority (pitṛ). The verse presents dāna as a dharmic institution, not mere impulse.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Narrative ethics (ākhyāna) rather than pañcalakṣaṇa categories.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Prasāda’ implies a descending power that unlocks ‘sañcaya’ (stored potential). ‘Pitṛmukta’ suggests that power becomes wholesome only when released through proper lineage-order, i.e., aligned with dharmic hierarchy.