Shloka 111

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

जड उवाच एवमुक्त्वा स तं वीरं पुत्राविदमथाब्रवीत् ।

पूजां कुवलयाश्वस्य कर्तुकामो भुजङ्गमः ॥

Transliteration

jaḍa uvāca evam uktvā sa taṃ vīraṃ putrāvidam atha abravīt | pūjāṃ kuvalayāśvasya kartukāmo bhujaṅgamaḥ ||

Translation

Jaḍa nói: Nói xong như vậy, ông liền ngỏ lời với vị anh hùng ấy—người đã được các con ông biết đến—trong khi chúa loài rắn, mong muốn cử hành lễ cúng dường Kuvalayāśva, đang chuẩn bị thực hiện.

Word by Word

• jaḍaḥ: Jaḍa (name)
• jaḍaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• evam: thus
• evam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• uktvā: having spoken
• uktvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच्) + ktvā (क्त्वा) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having said’

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• vīram: hero
• vīram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• putrāvidam: knower regarding sons
• putrāvidam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक) + vida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: putrān veda/vidvān = ‘knower of sons/one who knows about sons’ (epithet)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/conjunctive (निपात)

• abravīt: said / spoke
• abravīt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (ब्रू)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• pūjām: worship
• pūjām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūjā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kuvalayāśvasya: of Kuvalayāśva
• kuvalayāśvasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuvalaya (प्रातिपदिक) + aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); proper name compound ‘Kuvalayāśva’

• kartukāmaḥ: wishing to perform
• kartukāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṛ (कृ) + tumun (तुमुन्) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: kartum kāmaḥ = ‘desirous to do’

• bhujaṅgamaḥ: serpent
• bhujaṅgamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhujaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Jaḍa (explicit narrator/speaker for this segment)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Speaker marker (uvāca)
• Ritual honor (pūjā)
• Transition from counsel to ceremonial action

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The teaching culminates in action: praise of virtue is followed by pūjā (honoring), indicating that dharma is affirmed socially and ritually, not merely by speech.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Narrative continuation within ākhyāna/vaṃśānucarita context; the ‘uvāca’ marker signals a sub-dialogue layer inside the Purāṇic storytelling architecture.

What is the esoteric significance?

Pūjā of the virtuous person functions as recognition of dharma embodied; honoring such a figure is, indirectly, honoring the cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) that he represents.