Shloka 82

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

तेन सत्येन विप्रो 'यं व्याधिमुक्तः पुनर्युवा ।

प्राप्नोतु जीवितं भार्यासहायः शरदां शतम् ॥

Transliteration

tena satyena vipro 'yaṃ vyādhi-muktaḥ punar yuvā /

prāpnotu jīvitaṃ bhāryā-sahāyaḥ śaradāṃ śatam

Translation

Bởi chân ngôn ấy, nguyện cho vị bà-la-môn này được giải thoát khỏi bệnh tật và trở lại tuổi thanh xuân; và cùng với người vợ làm bạn đồng hành, nguyện cho ông đạt thọ một trăm mùa thu (tức thọ mạng viên mãn lâu dài).

Word by Word

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• satyena: by (this) truth
• satyena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• vipraḥ: the brāhmaṇa
• vipraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• vyādhi-muktaḥ: freed from illness
• vyādhi-muktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + mukta (प्रातिपदिक/√muc+kta)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘freed from disease’

• punar: again
• punar: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punar (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (पुनरुक्ति/काल)

• yuvā: a youth; young (man)
• yuvā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• prāpnotu: may he obtain
• prāpnotu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (लोट्, imperative/benedictive sense), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• jīvitam: life
• jīvitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhāryā-sahāyaḥ: with his wife as companion
• bhāryā-sahāyaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक) + sahāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष ‘having wife as companion’

• śaradām: of autumns; years
• śaradām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śatam: a hundred
• śatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); numeral used as measure

Speakers

• Not explicitly marked; functions as a benediction grounded in satya (likely Anasūyā or the devoted wife invoking truth-power)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Satya (truth) as efficacious power
• Healing and rejuvenation
• Blessing for longevity
• Dharma and speech-act potency

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Truth (satya) is presented as an active force: when speech is aligned with reality and virtue, it can ‘make’ outcomes. The ethical message is to cultivate truthfulness and integrity as spiritually potent.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma and narrative exemplum; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa category, but a purāṇic method of teaching dharma through miracle grounded in virtue.

What is the esoteric significance?

Satya-kriyā indicates mantra-like efficacy without explicit mantra: the purified will and truthful speech reshape prāṇa and destiny. ‘Hundred autumns’ symbolizes completion and fullness of karmic lifespan under dharmic harmony.