Shloka 73

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

तत् त्वमिच्छसि चेदेतत् जगदुद्धर्तुमापदः ।

प्रसीद साध्वि ! लोकानां पूर्ववद्धर्ततां रविः ॥

Transliteration

tat tvam icchasi ced etat jagad uddhartum āpadaḥ /

prasīda sādhvi! lokānāṃ pūrvavad dhartatāṃ raviḥ

Translation

Nếu Người ước muốn điều ấy—tức cứu thế gian khỏi tai ương—xin bậc Thánh Nữ đức hạnh hãy đoái thương! Nguyện Thái Dương lại nâng đỡ các cõi như thuở trước.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (thing)
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun used as object

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Second-person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• इच्छसि: you desire
• इच्छसि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• चेत्: if
• चेत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चेत् (अव्यय)
• Form: Conditional particle (निपात) meaning 'if'

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun

• जगत्: the world
• जगत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• उद्धर्तुम्: to rescue
• उद्धर्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-हृ (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्/तुम्), 'to lift up/rescue'

• आपदः: from misfortune
• आपदः: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आपद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); 'from calamity'

• प्रसीद: be gracious
• प्रसीद: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र- सद् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• साध्वि: O virtuous lady
• साध्वि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साध्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• लोकानाम्: of the worlds/people
• लोकानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• पूर्ववत्: as before
• पूर्ववत्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्ववत् (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'as before'

• धर्तताम्: may (he) sustain
• धर्तताम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ (धातु)
• Form: Imperative/benedictive style: लोट्, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), ātmanepada; 'let (him) hold/support'

• रविः: the Sun
• रविः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Unclear from verse alone (addressed to a sādhvī; likely within the narrated dialogue)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Sūrya (Ravi)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pativratā (chastity) as tapas
• Cosmic order (sunrise as worldly stability)
• Compassion and restoration

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames individual virtue (a sādhvī’s power/merit) as capable of safeguarding social-cosmic stability. Ethical emphasis: compassion and restraint should guide the use of spiritual power so that the world’s rhythm (sunrise) is not harmed.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra narrative rather than sarga-pratisarga. It is an upākhyāna (illustrative episode) used to teach right conduct; tangentially touches cosmic order but not a formal cosmological sarga.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ravi symbolizes prāṇa, time, and dharma’s daily regulation. The plea to ‘let the Sun uphold as before’ suggests that siddhi/tapas must harmonize with ṛta (cosmic law), not disrupt it.