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Shloka 41

Adhyaya 16The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

ये नास्माकं प्रयच्छन्ति नित्यनैमित्तकीः क्रियाः ।

क्रतुभागं दुरात्मानः स्वयञ्चाश्नन्ति लोलुपाः ॥

ye nāsmākaṃ prayacchanti nityanaimittakīḥ kriyāḥ |

kratubhāgaṃ durātmānaḥ svayaṃ cāśnanti lolupāḥ ||

Những kẻ không dâng lên chúng ta các nghi lễ bắt buộc hằng ngày và theo thời—những người ác độc, tham lam ấy—tự mình tiêu dùng phần lễ tế.

येthose who
ये:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Relative pronoun); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case)
not
:
निषेध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (Negation particle)
अस्माकम्to us / of us
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th case)
प्रयच्छन्तिthey give, they offer
प्रयच्छन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्/यच्छ् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present indicative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
नित्य-नैमित्तकीःregular and occasional
नित्य-नैमित्तकीः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + नैमित्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व (Copulative: ‘regular and occasional’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine); बहुवचन (Plural); द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case); विशेषण (qualifying क्रियाः)
क्रियाःrites, acts (ritual duties)
क्रियाः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine); बहुवचन (Plural); द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case)
क्रतु-भागम्the sacrificial share/portion
क्रतु-भागम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक) + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive determinative: क्रतोः भागः); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); एकवचन (Singular); द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case)
दुरात्मानःevil-minded persons
दुरात्मानः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (Descriptive: ‘evil-souled’); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case)
स्वयम्themselves
स्वयम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb: ‘oneself’)
and
:
समुच्चय (Coordinator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (Conjunction)
अश्नन्तिthey eat/consume
अश्नन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present indicative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
लोलुपाःgreedy
लोलुपाः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootलोलुप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case); विशेषण (qualifying दुरात्मानः/ये)
Devas (collective voice)

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Devas (collective)
DharmaGṛhastha dutiesYajña ethicsKarmic consequence (implied)

FAQs

The verse treats neglect of obligatory rites as a form of misappropriation—taking benefits (food/wealth) while refusing the due return (offerings). It condemns this as greed and moral corruption, not merely ritual omission.

Falls under Dharma/ācāra instruction within the Purāṇic teaching mode; it supports the social-ethical infrastructure that Purāṇas often weave alongside sarga/manvantara narratives.

‘Eating the sacrificial share oneself’ symbolizes egoic consumption of life-energy without offering it back to the higher principle—leading to inner imbalance and eventual ‘pollution’ of one’s elements (expanded in the next verse).