Shloka 32

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

ततः सूर्योदयाभावादभवत् सन्तता निशा ।

बहून्यहः प्रमाणानि ततो देवा भयं ययुः ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ sūryodayābhāvād abhavat santatā niśā / bahūny ahaḥ pramāṇāni tato devā bhayaṃ yayuḥ

Translation

Rồi vì mặt trời không mọc, đêm tối cứ nối tiếp không dứt. Suốt nhiều ngày, chư thiên bấy giờ rơi vào nỗi kinh hãi.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): then/thereupon

• सूर्य-उदय-अभावात्: because of the absence of sunrise
• सूर्य-उदय-अभावात्: हेतु (cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + उदय (प्रातिपदिक) + अभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; बहु-षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला (सूर्यस्य उदयस्य अभावः)

• अभवत्: there was/became
• अभवत्: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• सन्तता: continuous
• सन्तता: कर्ता (subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सन्तत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (निशा)

• निशा: night
• निशा: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बहूनि: many
• बहूनि: कर्ता (subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (प्रमाणानि)

• अहः: days (as a measure)
• अहः: सम्बन्ध (measure-specifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्/अहः (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समाहारार्थे (collective: days)

• प्रमाणानि: measures/periods
• प्रमाणानि: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): then/thereupon

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• भयम्: fear
• भयम्: कर्म (object of ययुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• ययुः: went/entered into
• ययुः: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Speakers

• Narrator

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Surya
• Devas

Key Themes

• Cosmic order (ṛta) disrupted
• Consequences of vows/curses
• Devas in distress

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Private conflicts of power (curse vs counter-declaration) can destabilize universal order; dharma requires reconciliation that restores ṛta (cosmic rhythm) rather than victory of one party.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Though not a formal manvantara/sarga unit, it touches ṛta and deva-functioning, showing how narrative episodes explain why gods intervene to re-stabilize the cosmos.

What is the esoteric significance?

Unending night symbolizes spiritual and societal paralysis when competing ‘truth-claims’ harden into absolutism; restoration requires a higher synthesis beyond reactive speech.