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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 15, Shloka 58

Adhyaya 15Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

यमपुरुष उवाच एहि राजन् प्रगच्छामो निजपुण्यसमर्जितान् ।

भुङ्क्ष्व भोगानपास्येह यातनाः पापकर्मणाम् ॥

yamapuruṣa uvāca ehi rājan pragacchāmo nija-puṇya-samarjitān | bhuṅkṣva bhogān apāsyeha yātanāḥ pāpa-karmaṇām ||

Người của Yama nói: “Xin mời, tâu Đại vương, chúng ta hãy đi tiếp đến những hưởng lạc mà ngài đã tự mình tích đức mà được. Còn tại đây, hãy nhìn những hình phạt của kẻ đã tạo nghiệp ác.”

yama-puruṣaḥYama’s attendant
yama-puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyama + puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘Yama’s attendant/man’
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
ehicome
ehi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
pragacchāmaḥwe go forth, let us proceed
pragacchāmaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√gam (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
nija-puṇya-samarjitān(enjoyments) earned by one’s own merit
nija-puṇya-samarjitān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootnija + puṇya + sam-√arj (कृदन्त; समर्जित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त ‘earned/accumulated’; qualifies (implied) bhogān ‘enjoyments earned by one’s own merit’
bhuṅkṣvaenjoy, partake
bhuṅkṣva:
Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
TypeVerb
Root√bhuj (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
bhogānenjoyments
bhogān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
apāsyahaving abandoned
apāsya:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√as (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive) ‘having cast off/abandoned’
ihahere
iha:
Desha (देश/Location adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) स्थानवाचक ‘here’
yātanāḥtorments, punishments
yātanāḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyātanā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
pāpa-karmaṇāmof sinful actions
pāpa-karmaṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय ‘of sinful deeds’
Yamapuruṣa → King

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yama
KarmaAfterlife (Naraka)Merit (Puṇya)Moral causality

FAQs

The verse contrasts two fruits of action: puṇya leading to bhoga (enjoyment) and pāpa leading to yātanā (torment). It also sets up the ethical tension: whether one should depart to one’s reward while others suffer.

Dharma/karma-phala teaching within narrative (ācāra/vṛtti), not a pancalakṣaṇa core like vaṃśa or manvantara enumeration.

The ‘invitation to bhoga’ represents the pull of personal reward; the king’s later refusal highlights transcending the merit-reward cycle through compassion.