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Shloka 86

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

अन्धोऽथ बधिरो मूको भ्राम्यतेऽयं क्षुधातुरः ।

अकृतज्ञोऽधमः पुंसामुपकारेषु वर्तताम् ॥

andho 'tha badhiro mūko bhrāmyate 'yaṃ kṣudhāturaḥ | akṛtajño 'dhamaḥ puṃsām upakāreṣu vartatām ||

Kẻ này mù, rồi điếc và câm, lang thang, bị hành hạ bởi đói khát—vì kẻ vô ơn là hạng thấp nhất trong loài người, những kẻ sống nhờ các việc trợ giúp và lòng nhân ái.

andhaḥblind
andhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootandha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (predicative)
athathen/and
atha:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चयार्थ (particle: then/and)
badhiraḥdeaf
badhiraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootbadhira (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
mūkaḥmute
mūkaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootmūka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
bhrāmyatewanders/roams
bhrāmyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootbhram (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
ayamthis (man)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kṣudhā-āturaḥdistressed by hunger
kṣudhā-āturaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣudhā (प्रातिपदिक) + ātura (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; ‘क्षुधया आतुरः’ (tṛtīyā-tatpurusha sense); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
akṛta-jñaḥungrateful
akṛta-jñaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (निषेध) + kṛta (कृदन्त) + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष/नञ्-समास; ‘कृतं न जानाति’ (ungrateful); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
adhamaḥbase, vile
adhamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
puṃsāmof men/people
puṃsām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpumān (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
upakāreṣuin acts of help/favours
upakāreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootupakāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन
vartatāmlet them act / of those who behave
vartatām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛt (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘let them be/act’
Dialogue frame not explicit in the provided excerpt; didactic naraka catalogue.

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaGratitude (kṛtajñatā)Ethics of reciprocityKarma and retribution

FAQs

Gratitude sustains human bonds and dharmic society. Ingratitude is condemned as a foundational vice that dissolves mutual support; the described disabilities signify social-spiritual disconnection.

Dharma and karmaphala teaching; not directly within sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita lists, though it supports vaṃśānucarita ideals of conduct.

Blindness, deafness, and muteness symbolize refusal to ‘see’ benefaction, ‘hear’ counsel, and ‘speak’ acknowledgment—inner moral numbness manifested as outer deprivation.