Shloka 19

Devanagari script

सर्वा विनिर्जिता गाव: कुरवश्व पराजिता: । उत्तर: सह सूतेन कुशली च परंतप:,मन्त्रीने वह सब समाचार महाराजसे कह सुनाया। अपने पक्षकी उत्तम विजय और कौरवोंकी करारी हार हुई है। राजकुमार उत्तर नगरमें आ रहे हैं। समस्त गौएँ जीत ली गयीं तथा कौरव परास्त होकर भाग गये। शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाले कुमार उत्तर सारथिसहित सकुशल हैं

Transliteration

sarvā vinirjitā gāvaḥ kuravaś ca parājitāḥ | uttaraḥ saha sūtena kuśalī ca parantapaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Toàn bộ đàn gia súc đã được thu hồi, và quân Kuru đã bị đánh bại. Hoàng tử Uttara, cùng người đánh xe của mình, bình an trở về thành—sau khi gieo khổ não cho kẻ thù.”

Word by Word

सर्वाःall

विनिर्जिताःcompletely won/conquered

गावःcows

कुरवःthe Kurus

चand

पराजिताःdefeated

उत्तरःUttara (name)

सहtogether with

सूतेनwith the charioteer

कुशलीsafe, well

चand

परंतपःfoe-scorcher (epithet)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Uttara

sūta (charioteer)

Kuravaḥ/Kauravas

gāvaḥ (cattle/cows)

nagara (city, implied by return)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights responsible kingship and the restoration of what was wrongfully taken: the recovery of cattle and the defeat of aggressors. It frames success not merely as triumph, but as protection of the community’s livelihood and honor, with emphasis on the safe return of those involved.

What is happening in the narrative?

A report is being delivered: the cattle have been recovered, the Kurus (Kauravas) have been routed, and Prince Uttara is returning to the city safely along with his charioteer.