Shloka 1

अर्जुन-कर्ण-सङ्ग्रामः

Arjuna–Karna Engagement in the Cattle-Raid Aftermath

Devanagari script

हि आय () है एकोनपज्चाशत्तमो< ध्याय: कृपाचार्यका कर्णको फटकारते हुए युद्धके विषयमें अपना विचार बताना कृप उवाच सदैव तव राधेय युद्धे क्रूरतरा मति: । नार्थानां प्रकृतिं वेत्सि नानुबन्धमवेक्षसे

Transliteration

kṛpa uvāca | sadaiva tava rādheya yuddhe krūtarā matiḥ | nārthānāṃ prakṛtiṃ vets i nānubandham avekṣase ||

Translation

Kripa nói: “Hỡi con của Radha (Karna), cách ngươi nghĩ về chiến tranh lúc nào cũng quá đỗi tàn khốc. Ngươi không hiểu bản chất thật của sự việc, cũng chẳng xét đến hậu quả của chúng.”

Word by Word

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सदैव: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदैव

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• राधेय: O Radheya (son of Radha)
• राधेय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• युद्धे: in war
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• क्रूरतरा: more cruel
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रूर
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, Comparative

• मतिः: thought/intent
• मतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अर्थानाम्: of matters/objects/purposes
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• प्रकृतिम्: nature/true character
• प्रकृतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकृति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• वेत्सि: you know
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Present, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• न: nor/not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अनुबन्धम्: consequence/after-effect
• अनुबन्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुबन्ध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अवेक्षसे: you consider/you look to
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव्-ईक्ष्
• Form: Present, 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

कृप उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
• Karna (Rādheya)
• yuddha (war/battle)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Kripa warns that decisions about war must be guided by discernment: one should understand the real nature of the situation (prakṛti) and carefully weigh the chain of consequences (anubandha), rather than acting from harshness or impulsive aggression.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Virata Parva, Kripa addresses Karna directly, criticizing his consistently severe attitude toward warfare and faulting him for not evaluating the situation and its likely outcomes before advocating or engaging in battle.