Shloka 17

Arjuna’s Self-Identification and the Ten Names

Uttara–Arjuna Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

वैशम्पायन उवाच तस्मिन्‌ ब्रुवति तद्‌ वाक्य धार्तराष्ट्रे परंतप । भीष्मो द्रोण: कृपो द्रौणि: पौरुषं तदपूजयन्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca

tasmin bruvati tad vākya dhārtarāṣṭre parantapa |

bhīṣmo droṇaḥ kṛpo drauṇiḥ pauruṣaṃ tad apūjayan ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Khi con trai của Dhṛtarāṣṭra—kẻ thiêu đốt quân thù—thốt ra lời ấy, Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa và con trai của Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā) đã tán dương khí phách nam nhi đó.

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaishampayana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular

• तस्मिन्: in/at that (time/person)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• ब्रुवति: while (he) was speaking
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Present, Third, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वाक्यम्: speech, statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धार्तराष्ट्रे: in/among the Dhartarashtras (Kauravas); in Dhritarashtra's (camp)
• धार्तराष्ट्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• परंतप: O scorcher of foes
• Type: Noun
• Root: परंतप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रोणः: Drona
• द्रोणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रौणिः: Drauni (Ashvatthaman, son of Drona)
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पौरुषम्: manliness, valor
• पौरुषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौरुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अपुजयन्: praised, honored
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज्
• Form: Imperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), Third, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Bhīṣma
• Droṇa
• Kṛpa
• Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal: courage and martial prowess are publicly affirmed by elders and teachers, showing how social-ethical norms in the epic reward valor and steadfastness in conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

As Dhṛtarāṣṭra finishes speaking, leading Kuru authorities—Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa, and Aśvatthāmā—respond by praising the expressed or implied act of heroism, signaling approval from the senior warriors.