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Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 31

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 33 — Kuru Cattle-Raid and Matsya Mobilization (भूमिंजय-प्रेरणा)

ततः समस्तास्ते सर्वे तुरगानभ्यचोदयन्‌ । दिव्यमस्त्रं विकुर्वाणात्त्रिगर्तान्‌ प्रत्यमर्षणा:

tataḥ samastās te sarve turagān abhyacodayan | divyam astraṃ vikurvāṇās trigartān pratyamarṣaṇāḥ ||

Rồi tất cả bọn họ cùng nhau thúc ngựa tiến lên. Không chịu nổi sự hung hăng của bọn Trigarta, họ vừa tiến quân vừa hiển lộ các thiên khí—bị thôi thúc bởi cơn phẫn nộ chính đáng và quyết lấy kỷ luật đối đầu với bạo lực trên chiến địa.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
समस्ताःall together, entire
समस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
तुरगान्horses
तुरगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
अभ्यचोदयन्urged on, drove forward
अभ्यचोदयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada
दिव्यम्divine
दिव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
अस्त्रम्weapon (missile)
अस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
विकुर्वाणात्from (their) deploying/manifesting
विकुर्वाणात्:
Apadana
TypeVerb
Rootवि + कृ
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), ablative singular (Masculine/Neuter); used as ablative of cause/source
त्रिगर्तान्the Trigartas
त्रिगर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगर्त
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
प्रतिtowards, against
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
FormAvyaya
अमर्षणाःintolerant (of insult), enraged
अमर्षणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षण
FormMasculine, nominative, plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
Trigartas
T
turaga (horses)
D
divya-astra (celestial weapons)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a kṣatriya ethic: when aggression becomes intolerable and threatens order, warriors may respond firmly and in a disciplined manner, using their sanctioned martial powers (even divya-astras) not for cruelty but to check wrongdoing and protect their side.

As the Trigartas press the attack, the assembled warriors collectively drive their chariots forward. Angered and unwilling to tolerate the enemy’s assault, they begin to employ celestial weapons as they advance into battle.