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Shloka 4

Draupadī’s Lament and Theodicy: Dharma, Dice, and Īśvara’s Governance (Āraṇyaka-parva 31)

धर्म चरामि सुश्रोणि न धर्मफलकारणात्‌ | आगमाननतिक्रम्य सतां वृत्तमवेक्ष्य च,सुश्रोणि! मैं धर्मका फल पानेके लोभसे धर्मका आचरण नहीं करता, अपितु साधु पुरुषोंके आचार-व्यवहारको देखकर शास्त्रीय मर्यादाका उल्लंघन न करके स्वभावसे ही मेरा मन धर्मपालनमें लगा है। द्रौपदी! जो मनुष्य कुछ पानेकी इच्छासे धर्मका व्यापार करता है, वह धर्मवादी पुरुषोंकी दृष्टिमें हीन और निन्दनीय है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | dharmaṁ carāmi suśroṇi na dharmaphalakāraṇāt | āgamān anatikramya satāṁ vṛttam avekṣya ca |

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hỡi người đẹp eo thon, ta thực hành dharma không phải vì tham cầu quả báo của dharma. Trái lại, không vượt qua những điều răn của kinh điển, và nhìn vào nếp sống của bậc hiền thiện, tâm ta tự nhiên nghiêng về việc gìn giữ dharma. Kẻ coi dharma như một cuộc mua bán—thực hành dharma với ý muốn đạt được điều gì—thì trong mắt những người thật sự sống theo dharma, là hèn kém và đáng chê trách.”

धर्मम्dharma, righteousness (as object)
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चरामिI practice / I follow
चरामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
सुश्रोणिO fair-hipped lady (address)
सुश्रोणि:
TypeNoun
Rootसुश्रोणि
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मफलकारणात्from/for the motive of dharma's fruit (i.e., for reward)
धर्मफलकारणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मफलकारण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
आगमान्scriptural injunctions / authoritative texts
आगमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनतिक्रम्यnot transgressing; without overstepping
अनतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active
सताम्of the good / of the virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वृत्तम्conduct, behavior
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अवेक्ष्यhaving observed; considering
अवेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-ईक्ष्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Draupadī

Educational Q&A

Dharma should be practiced for its own sake—guided by scripture and the example of the virtuous—not as a bargain for personal gain. When righteousness is pursued merely for reward, it becomes ethically diminished and is censured by truly righteous people.

In the forest-exile setting of the Vana Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Draupadī and explains his inner orientation toward dharma: he follows it naturally, staying within scriptural bounds and taking the conduct of good people as his standard, rather than acting from greed for merit or reward.